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    Clinicopathologic Features and Prognostic Significance of Immunohistochemistry and In Situ Hybridization Based Molecular Classification in Gastric Carcinoma
    (Begell House Inc, 2023) Issin, Gizem; Sayar, Ilyas; Demir, Fatih; Bakkaloglu, Irem Guvendir; Gamsizkan, Mehmet; Yildiz, Zeliha; Yilmaz, Ismail
    Background/Aim: Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a highly heterogeneous disease with many subtypes that have different morphologic and molecular characteristics. In the current study, we analyzed immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) features of GCs and evaluated their association with prognosis and clinicopathological features. Materials and Methods: Three hundred cases analyzed by IHC and ISH for microsatellite stability, p53, e-cadherin, HER2, PD-L1 expression, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status. Cases were classified into five subgroups based on expression profile. The relationships between subgroups, clinicopathological features, and survival were determined. Results: Ten ( 3.3%) cases were classified as EBV-associated, 45 (15%) as microsatellite instable (MSI), 73 (24.3%) as EBV-/ microsatellite-stable (MSS)/epithelial-mesenchymal-transformation (EMT)-like, 75 (25%) as EBV-/MSS/ non-EMT-like/p53+, and 97 (32.3%) as EBV-/MSS/non-EMT-like/ p53-. The MSI subtype had the best overall survival (OS). In contrast, the EBV-/MSS/EMT-like subtype had the poorest OS. The MSI subtype was also related with old age of the patient and antrum-corpus localized tumors, whereas the EBV-/MSS/EMT-like was associated with young age, larger tumor size, and advanced stage presentation. PD-L1 positivity is highly correlated with MSI and EBV-associated subtypes. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated a link between IHC/ISH characteristics of GC and clinical outcomes. IHC/ISH based molecular classification may be helpful in predicting the survival.
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    The Effect of Ozone Treatment on Thermal Burn Wound Healing; an Experimental Study
    (2020) Peker, Kemal; Yılmaz, İsmayil; Demiryılmaz, İsmail; Isık, Arda; Sayar, Ilyas; Gürsul, Cebrail; Çoban, Abdulkadir
    Objective: Ozone has been advised as a metabolic excitative in cell, immunomodulatory agent and antioxidant enzyme actuator. The present study was performedto designate the profit of ozone therapy on the burn wound healing in the rats.Methods: 40 adult Wistar type rats divided into 4 groups: a control group (burn notcreated and topical and systemic agents not used), a burn group (burn created but onlysaline given), a burn+silver sulfadiazine group (silver sulfadiazine was applied for 21days), a burn+ozone/oxygen mixture group (ozone/oxygen mixture was applied for 21days).After anesthetizing, second-degree burn (2 cm2areas) was done on the dorsal ofthe animals byaluminum plate in boiling hot water (100 ?C for 15 seconds) and othergroups except control group were treated topically, based on the time scheduled.Tissue samples were harvested on day 7st and 21st after burn injury. Biochemical andhistological analyzes were performed in tissue and blood samples. The results wereassessed with appropriate statistical tests and given as Means±SD.Results: The histopathologic damage level was significantly different in all groups.Fibrosis and inflamation levels decreased in ozone treatment and silver sulphadiazinegroups compared to burn+normal saline group on the 21 days according to 7 days. Inthe ozone treatment group, Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities weresignificantly higher than the silver sulfadiazine treated group. But glutathionereductase enzyme activities were lover in the ozone treated group and hydroxyprolineconcentration decreased in ozone group compared to burn+normal saline group on 7and 21 days.Conclusions: Ozone has a detractive effect in the development of inflamation,fibrosis, and granulation via decreasing tissue damage and increasing the antioxidantenzyme activity on burn wound healing.