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    The effect of soil type on copper leaching from wood treated with three copper-based wood preservatives
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Baskal, Kadir Sahin; Yalcin, Mesut; Akcay, Caglar; Sarginci, Murat
    In this study, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood samples were treated with 3 different major wood preservatives (alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ), copper chrome boron (CCB) and copper azole (CuA)). Treated wood samples were subjected to 1 and 3 months of leaching in 3 different soil types and the amount of leached heavy metal Cu was determined on a laboratory scale. In addition, wood samples were exposed to white rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown rot (Neolentinus lepideus) fungi after leaching and weight losses were calculated. At the end of the 1 and 3 months of leaching period, the soil samples were taken from the pots and the amount of Cu was determined. The lowest Cu content (4.3 mg/kg) was detected in the samples treated with CCB among the wood preservatives, while the highest content (196.3 mg/kg) was determined in ACQ. The lowest Cu amount was determined in loamy sand soil type and the highest Cu amount was determined in clay loam soil type. According to the findings from the current study, leaching in soil did not affect weight losses caused by T. versicolor, while significant weight losses occurred by N. lepideus. This study indicated that loamy sand soil is more suitable for the treated wood if there is a risk regarding leaching.
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    The Impact of Recreational Use on Land Cover at Uludag National Park (Turkey)
    (Istanbul Univ-Cerrahpasa, 2021) Uzun, Serir; Cakir, Gunay; Yildiz, Oktay; Aksoy, Necmi; Sarginci, Murat; Toprak, Bulent; Muderrisoglu, Haldun
    The intense pressure resulting from population growth and urbanization along with technology has created the need for utilizing natural areas for tourism and recreational purposes and has necessitated the protection, development, and planning of natural resources for people to benefit from. Due to the importance of determining temporal changes within the framework of the protection use balance, this study examined the changes occurring within the recreational areas of the Uludag National Park between the years 1970 and 2010 from human use. As a result of the recreational facilities offered to visitors, an average of 550 000 people benefits annually from the area, which was designated as a national park in 1961. The study included the camping and picnic sites of Sarialan, cobankaya, Kirazliyayla and Karabelen situated within the park and the ski site of the first development zone. High-resolution satellite images and aerial photographs of the areas at different dates were employed. The temporal changes in the selected areas were analyzed by digital image processing with the help of the geographic information system. Upon examining the impact of the recreational use changes occurring on the land cover, it was revealed that building areas had increased by 15 ha (2.57%), road areas by 21 ha (7.89%), and bare land areas by 67 ha (.53%), while the meadowland areas had decreased by 223 ha (119.37%). The forested areas had increased by 78 ha (48.93%), woodland areas by 79 ha (59.37%) and were not adversely affected, mainly due to the protection status of the park.
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    Leaf litter dynamics in Western Black Sea mountainous forest ecosystems
    (Canadian Science Publishing, 2021) Sarginci, Murat; Yıldız, Oktay; Tolunay, Doganay; Toprak, Bulent; Temur, Şule
    This study aimed to estimate leaf litter decomposition rates in eastern beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) and sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) mixed stands in Akcakoca in the province of Dueurozce, located in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey. The sampling areas represent four different elevations and two aspects at each elevation. Amounts of annual beech and chestnut litterfall were estimated at 5.19 and 4.61 Mg center dot ha-1, respectively. Litter decomposition was examined over five time periods (0.25, 0.50, 1.25, 2.25, and 4.25 years) by using the litterbag method. The mass of remaining beech leaf litter was found to be 1.1, 1.2, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.3 times greater than the mass of chestnut leaf litter, respectively. However, estimated values for the decomposition rate constant (k) of chestnut for all time periods were found to be approximately 1.5 times greater than those of beech leaf litter. Litter in beech stands decomposed more rapidly at higher elevations during the first year but at lower elevations during the second year, likely due to increased temperature and precipitation for the corresponding years. Leaf litter in chestnut stands decomposed more rapidly at lower elevations in the second and fourth years, reflecting higher precipitation for those years.