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Öğe The Impact of the Level of Fear Experienced During the COVID-19 Epidemic on Risk Aversion and Work Interaction Avoidance Behaviors: An Application on Health Professionals(2022) Sancar, Tekin; Yalman, FuatThe main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the level of fear experienced during the COVID-19 epidemic on risk aversion and work interaction avoidance behaviors. Healthcare workers have always been the group with the highest risk of contracting virus, as they put their lives at risk in all pandemics to fight epidemics on the front lines. Hospital-based cross-sectional research design was used in the study. The universe of the research consisted of all healthcare professionals of two different public hospitals providing secondary care in Ankara. Convenience sampling method was employed. The data were collected by the researchers using the online questionnaire technique. The total number of questionnaire package that were evaluated and used in the analysis of the data is 326. SPSS and AMOS package programs were used in the analysis of the data. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, ANOVA test and structural equation modeling were applied to the data. The findings obtained with the structural equation analysis showed that the construct validity of the model was confirmed. It has been determined that the direct causal effect of the COVID-19 fear level of health professionals on risk avoidance behaviors is positive and 0.29 units, while the direct causal effect on the work interaction avoidance behaviors is positive and 0.17 units. In addition, a significant relationship was found between female gender and risk avoidance behavior. The level of fear experienced among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 epidemic seem to increase their tendency to show risk avoidance and work interaction avoidance behaviors.Öğe Knowledge and Attitude Levels of Nurses Towards COVID-19 in the Second Peak Period of the Novel Coronavirus Epidemic in Turkey(2021) Sancar, Tekin; Yalman, FuatObjective: The aim of this study is to analyze the knowledge levels and attitudes of nurses towards COVID-19 during the second peak period of the COVID-19 epidemic in Turkey, as well as to test the structural relationship between knowledge levels and attitudes with structural equation modeling. Materials and Methods: The hospital-based cross-sectional study design was employed in the study. The population of the research consisted of nurses working in three different private hospitals operating in Istanbul, which have international quality and accreditation certificates. The data were collected by the researchers themselves by using face-to-face and online survey techniques. Results: Structural equation analysis revealed that the nurses’ level of knowledge about COVID-19 has an acceptable index of fit on the attitude towards COVID-19. Furthermore, the relationship between the level of knowledge toward COVID-19 and female gender was found to be significant. Conclusion: In general, the level of knowledge of the nurses participating in the study about COVID-19 was found to be high and it was observed that they had a more optimistic attitude towards preventing COVID-19 and keeping the process under control. An increase in knowledge about COVID-19 has led to an increase in the behavior of a more optimistic attitude towards prevention and control of COVID-19.Öğe The Relationship Between Knowledge Level and Fear Level of Society Regarding the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey(2021) Sancar, Tekin; Yalman, FuatThe main purpose of this study was to analyze the knowledge levels and fear levels of society regarding the COVID-19 outbreak and to test the structural relationship between knowledge level and fear level with structural equation modelling. The population of the research consisted of people between the ages of 18-65 in the central population of Bartın and Karabük provinces. The data were collected by online questionnaire technique. The total number of questionnaires evaluated and used in data analysis is 790. SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 package programs were used in the analysis of the data. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, ANOVA test and structural equation modelling were applied. The community's level of knowledge regarding COVID? 19 outbreak was high. In addition, women's levels of fear related to the COVID-19 outbreak were found to be higher. Structural equation analysis revealed that the positive relationship between COVID-19 knowledge level and COVID-19 fear level had an acceptable fit index. However, no significant relationship was found between participants' age, education level, jobs, presence of chronic disease, and hospital visits after the COVID-19 outbreak. It has been observed that there is a reciprocal and positive relationship between the level of knowledge of COVID-19 and the level of fear of COVID-19.Öğe The Relationship Between the Knowledge Levels of Elderly Individuals on the COVID-19 Outbreak and Their Preventive Practices(2021) Sancar, Tekin; Yalman, Fuat; Akalın, BetülThe main purpose of this study is to analyze the knowledge levels and preventive practices of the elderly people regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and to test the structural relationship between the knowledge levels and preventive practices towards COVID-19 pandemic with structural equation modeling. The population of the study consisted of patients over the age of 60 and their relatives who received health services from pharmacies operating in Sakarya city center. The data were collected personally by the researcher using the face-to-face survey technique. The total number of questionnaires evaluated and used in data analysis is 680. SPSS and AMOS package programs were used in the analysis of the data. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, ANOVA analysis and structural equation modeling were applied to the data. Elderly individuals had a high level of knowledge and preventive practices regarding the COVID-19 outbreak. In addition, it was found that the preventive practices for the COVID-19 pandemic were higher in elderly women than in old men, regular drug users compared to non-users, and those with moderate general health status compared to those with low levels. Structural equation analysis revealed that the positive relationship between COVID-19 knowledge level and preventive practices for the COVID-19 outbreak has an acceptable fit index. It has been observed that there is a reciprocal and positive relationship between COVID-19 knowledge level and preventive practices towards COVID-19.Öğe The Relationship of Factors Affecting Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices with Regular Drug Use, Presence of Chronic Disease and Level of Knowledge: A Cross-Sectional Research(2022) Yalman, Fuat; Sancar, TekinObjective: The main purpose of this study is to determine the factors that are effective in the preference of traditional and complementary medicine practices and to investigate the relationship between these factors with regular drug use, the presence of chronic disease and the level of knowledge. Material and Methods: Community- based cross-sectional study design was used. The population of the study consisted of middle and elderly individuals who applied to a Family Health Center operating in Düzce province in September- October-November-December 2020. The data were conducted over 400 people using face-to-face questionnaire technique. In the study, convenience sampling method was preferred. Results: Factors affecting the preference of traditional and complementary medicine practices according to the results of explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis; it has been found as “effectiveness”, “accessibility”, “having fewer side effects” and “philosophically compatibility”. According to the results of confirmatory factor analysis, it was seen that the model goodness of fit indexes were at an acceptable fit level. In addition, significant relationships were found between regular drug use, having a chronic disease, and the level of traditional and complementary medicine knowledge with the reasons for preference of traditional and complementary medicine practices. Conclusion: It has been observed that individuals who regularly use drugs, have any chronic diseases and have a high level of knowledge about traditional and complementary medicine practices have a more positive attitude towards traditional and complementary medicine treatments.
