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    The Effect of Particle Board Industry Waste Tar on the Physical and Biological Durability of Wood
    (North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2020) Yalcin, Mesut; Akcay, Caglar; Sahin, Halil Ibrahim
    The effect of waste tar from particle board factories was investigated relative to some physical and biological resistance properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and beech (Fagus orientalis) woods. Solutions were prepared by dissolving waste tar in ethanol:toluene (1v:1v) in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. These solutions were forced deep into the Scots pine and beech woods under vacuum and pressure (deep treatment, DT). In addition, surface coating (SC) was applied by spreading 96% waste tar on the wood surfaces after treatment. Deep treated and surface-coated (DT+SC) wood samples were exposed to the wood-decay fungi Trametes versicolor L. and Neolentinus lepideus Fr. for 12 weeks. At the same time, sample blocks were tested against wood destroying house borer (Hylotrupes bajulus) larvae for 16 weeks. Total phenolic content, water uptake, water-repellent efficiency, and surface contact angle were tested. Although a mean mass loss resulting from T. versicolor of 31.1% was seen in the Scots pine control samples, only 3.87% mass loss was found with a concentration of 20% (DT + SC). The H. bajulus larvae mortality rate was 80% in the Scots pine wood samples deep-treated with 20% waste tar.
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    The Potential of Using Forest Waste as a Raw Material in Particleboard Manufacturing
    (North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2020) Sahin, Halil Ibrahim
    Wood particles and a mixture of forest waste were investigated as raw material for the particleboard industry. Urea formaldehyde resin was used as the adhesive in the production of the particleboards. Some chemical (pH, dilute alkali solubility, hot and cold water solubility), physical (density, moisture, thickness swelling, and water absorption), mechanical (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bond strength, and screw holding strength) properties, as well as the contact angle values of the resulting particleboards were determined. Due to its needle litter and cone content, the forest waste exhibited a lower pH value and a higher content of extractive material than wood. Increasing the addition of forest waste led to significant reductions in the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards. The addition of forest waste reduced the internal bond strength the most (56.6%), whereas the least reduction (15.7%) was in the value of screw holding strength perpendicular to the surface. The values of all panels except panel type F exceeded the minimum modulus of elasticity (1600 N mm-2) required for furniture production according to the EN 312-P2 standard. Results of the analyses showed that forest waste (10% and 20%) is a suitable renewable raw material source for panel production.