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    Evaluation of earthquake-related damages on masonry structures due to the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaras,-Türkiye earthquakes: A case study for Hatay Governorship Building
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Kahya, Volkan; Genc, Ali Fuat; Sunca, Fezayil; Roudane, Boudjamaa; Altunisik, Ahmet Can; Yilmaz, Semin; Gunaydin, Murat
    The present study contributes to enriching the sparse literature on the seismic analysis of historical masonry buildings through field observations and advanced computational tools. To do this, the findings from field observations in the area affected by the February 6th, 2023, Kahramanmaras, earthquakes (Mw = 7.7 and Mw = 7.6) are evaluated to point out the possible reasons for damages occurred in masonry buildings. Further, numerical simulations of a historical building in Hatay which has a significant amount of historical masonry building stock in the region. Comparisons of the results obtained from non-linear finite element analyses and field observations are made to explain the crack patterns occurred and damage mechanisms. Nonlinear finite element analyses confirmed that the considered structure did not collapse despite being seriously damaged in the first two earthquakes (Mw = 7.7 and Mw = 7.6), but a part of it completely collapsed because of the third earthquake (Mw = 6.4) on February 20th, 2023, in Defne district. The damage patterns observed in the field are also obtained exactly by the numerical simulations. Some retrofitting proposals are given to assist the authorities in charge of the reconstruction and rehabilitation programs to account for a better interpretation and under-standing of the seismic performance of masonry buildings.
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    Field Observations and Numerical Investigations on Seismic Damage Assessment of RC and Masonry Minarets During the February 6th, 2023, Kahramanmaraş (Mw 7.7 Pazarcık and Mw 7.6 Elbistan) Earthquakes in Türkiye
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2024) Atmaca, Barbaros; Atmaca, Esin Erturk; Roudane, Boudjamaa; Gules, Osman; Demirkaya, Eren; Aykanat, Batuhan; Altunisik, Ahmet Can
    On February 6, 2023, two massive earthquakes struck the EasternAnatolian Fault Line (EAF) at 9-hour intervals. The Mw 7.7 and Mw 7.6 earthquakes were located in Pazarcik and Elbistan districts inKahramanmaras province. These earthquakes directly damaged 11 provinces in Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia (Kahramanmaras,Hatay, Adyaman, Osmaniye, Gaziantep, Sanlurfa, Malatya, Diyarbakir,Adana, Kilis, and Elazig), causing substantial loss of life and property. This study aims to present the field investigation of reinforced concrete (RC) and masonry minarets in 11 cities around the area after these earthquakes and the structural performance and collapse mechanism of two minarets selected as case studies. For this purpose, the damaged or collapsed minarets in the region affected by the earthquakes were determined and the reasons were explained. In addition, an RC and a masonry minaret in the Islahiye district were chosen as case studies, and finite element models (FEM) were created.The validity and correctness of the reasons for damages determined by field observations were further demonstrated by numerical findings.It was determined that nearly all of the damaged and collapsed minarets did not obtain proper engineering services. Additionally, it is believed that the lack of any norms or regulations for these unique constructions is a significant weakness that places engineers in a challenging situation throughout the design phase