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    Frequency Support Studies of a Diesel-Wind Generation System Using Snake Optimizer-Oriented PID with UC and RFB
    (Mdpi, 2023) Rameshar, Vikash; Sharma, Gulshan; Bokoro, Pitshou N.; Celik, Emre
    The present paper discusses the modeling and analysis of a diesel-wind generating system capable enough to cater to the electrical power requirements of a small consumer group or society. Due to high variations of the load demand or due to changes in the wind speed, the frequency of the diesel-wind system will be highly disturbed, and hence to regulate the frequency and power deviations of the wind turbine system, an effective controller design is a necessary requirement, and therefore this paper proposes a novel controller design based on PID scheme. The parameters of this controller is effectively optimized through a new snake optimizer (SO) in an offline manner to minimize frequency and power deviations of an isolated diesel-wind system. The performance of SO-PID for the diesel-wind system is evaluated by considering the integral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE), integral absolute error (IAE), and integral of time multiplied square error (ITSE). The results were calculated for a step change in load, step change in wind speed, load change at different instants of time with diverse magnitude, and for random load patterns, and they were compared with some of the recently published results under similar working conditions. In addition, the effect of an ultracapacitor (UC) and redox flow battery (RFB) on SO-PID was investigated for the considered system, and the application results demonstrated the advantages of our proposal over other studied designs.
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    Frequency Support Studies of a Microgrid Having DG-WTG Using ANFIS and with the Application of HAE-FC and RFB
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2023) Rameshar, Vikash; Sharma, Gulshan; Bokoro, Pitshou N.; Celik, Emre; Öztürk, Nihat
    The micro-grid (mu-grid) has picked up momentum worldwide with the ability to supply cost-effective, clean, and reliable electrical power to the present-day demand. The practical mu-grids are comprised of non-conventional and conventional sources such as wind turbine generators (WTG) and diesel generators (DG). Due to the encouragement of wind power which is exceedingly sporadic in nature and thus the frequency of the mu-grid is exceedingly vulnerable due to the erratic nature of wind speed. Variations in the load demand have also added to the vulnerability of the mu-grid at distinctive moments of time. Consequently, this paper appears to be a novel plan that utilizes artificial neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) within the built frequency regulation of the mu-grid. The proposed research has been employed within the mu-grid, and the application outcomes have taken all possibilities, such as load variety at the distinctive moment of time, modification of the load demand on the mu-grid, and step alteration of the wind input. The achieved results are coordinated with a few of the most recent results, which presents the ANFIS ahead over other strategies. Although there is a probable scope for improvement which subsequently involves the fuel cell (FC) with a hydrogen aqua electrolyzer (HAE) unit, as well as a redox flow battery (RFB), that is introduced one at a time in the mu-grid and the results of mu-grid are calculated for various working conditions to show the impact that the ANFIS technology has upon storage devices with regards to the mu-grid architecture.