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    Anatomical Characteristics and Fibre Quality of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Stem Wood
    (Zagreb Univ, Fac Forestry, 2023) Hizal, Kamile Tirak; Kocer, Nihan
    This study investigated the anatomical characteristics and fibre quality for papermaking indices of Vitis vinifera L. (grapevine) stem wood, which is extracted as agricultural waste. Two grapevine trunks were collected from the Gulnar region in Turkey. Observations on microscopic anatomical characteristics were carried out on sectioned and macerated wood samples. According to the measurements conducted, the following mean anatomical characteristics were determined: earlywood vessel tangential diameter 258.81 mu m, latewood vessel tangential diameter 35.52 mu m, ray width 197.19 mu m, ray height 4618.67 mu m, vessel length 498.85 mu m, fibre length 1.03 mm, fibre diameter 22.05 mu m, and fibre wall thickness 4.23 mu m. Based on the determined characteristics linked to the fibre quality, the fibres of the grapevine can be placed in Quality Class III for pulp and paper processing. All derived indices of grapevine met the acceptable threshold except for the flexibility ratio. Examining the anatomical structure of the grapevine will enable a database to be created for further studying of wood anatomy and these characteristics can be evaluated with respect to other possible areas of use.
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    Macroscopic and Microscopic Diagnosis of Three Entandrophragma Species Traded in Turkiye
    (North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2024) Hizal, Kamile Tirak; Kocer, Nihan
    The anatomical characteristics are highlighted for Entandrophragma cylindricum, Entandrophragma utile, and Entandrophragma angolense. Wood samples, which were previously obtained from commercial timber industries in the Marmara region of TOrkiye and used as course materials, were used. Qualitative and quantitative anatomical characteristics were determined. Qualitatively, characters such as distinct growth rings, diffuseporous wood, deposits in vessel elements, simple perforation plates, alternate intervessel pits, heterogeneous ray type, and septate fibres, were common to all species. The quantitative evaluation showed that there were differences between species. Entandrophragma species differ in some wood characteristics such as the tangential diameter of the vessel, ray height, ray width, and fibre lumen diameter. E. utile had higher values of the mean tangential vessel diameter (180 pm) and fiber lumen diameter (18.4 pm) than the other two species. It is possible to say that the anatomical features of E. cylindricum differ from that of other species and that it will be easier to diagnose among other species. E. cylindricum had the lowest values of the mean tangential vessel diameter (147 pm) and ray height (361 pm). Distinctive characters for E. utile and E. angolense are tangential vessel diameter, vessel length, ray height, ray width, and all fibre dimensions.
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    A new invasive neophyte Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H.St.John for the flora of Türkiye
    (Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre-Reabic, 2024) Ozkan, Neval Gunes; Kocer, Nihan; Aksoy, Necmi
    A new locality of Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H.St.John (Hydrocharitaceae), native to North America, has been recorded for the first time in G & ouml;ksu Nature Park (Bolu/T & uuml;rkiye). Elodea nuttallii is a potentially invasive macrophyte and often confused with Elodea canadensis Michaux, whose existence was previously known in T & uuml;rkiye. The description, distribution map, notes about the habitat of Elodea nuttallii, and the morphological differences between the two taxa are given in this article.