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    A comparative study of mechanical and machining performance of polymer hybrid and carbon fiber epoxy composite materials
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2021) Erturk, A. Tamer; Yarar, Eser; Vatansever, Fahri; Sahin, Alp Eren; Kilincel, Mert; Alpay, Yakup Okan
    Fiber-reinforced plastics are known as advanced composite materials thanks to their high strength and lightweight features. Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are one of the high-performance and high-cost fiber-reinforced polymer (FRPs) materials. They are used in several high-performance engineering applications such as motorsports, marine, aviation, energy and defense industry. The cost of carbon fiber is higher compared to many other materials, more competitive and cost-effective productions will spur the demand for composite parts exponentially. Thus, hybrid laminate composite containing carbon and glass fiber materials were manufactured as an alternative for CFRP materials. Because using glass fiber prepreg instead of carbon fiber prepreg will lead the material to become cheaper. However, machining of the FRP materials is still an important issue. For this reason, the present study is focused on the mechanical and machining performance of the polymer hybrid and carbon fiber epoxy composites.
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    Cure cycle optimization of infrared cured composites using Taguchi method
    (Wiley, 2023) Alpay, Yakup O.; Uygur, Ilyas; Kilincel, Mert; Samtas, Gurcan
    Knowing that cure cycle has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the composite materials, determining the effects of cure cycle parameters - such as heating rate, maximum temperature, and dwell time, has gain importance. This study addresses the optimum cure cycle of an infrared cured carbon fiber pre-preg material. An infrared oven equipped with 1 kW halogen infrared heating unit and vacuum system was used. Different cure cycles determined by means of Taguchi experiment design approach and a cure cycle was found maximizing the tensile strength of the material. Results showed that infrared curing is a strong alternative to the autoclave despite its shortcomings regarding the product geometry. The optimized cure cycle showed 23% increase in the tensile strength comparing the tested cure cycle which is resulted with the minimum tensile strength. Besides, comparing the specimens cured with the optimum cure cycle, the infrared cured specimens showed slightly higher tensile strength than the autoclave cured counterparts. According to Taguchi optimization, optimum values for maximum tensile strength were found as 10 degrees C/min, 130 degrees C for heating rate and 60 min for plateau time. According to the analysis of variance, the most effective parameter affecting the tensile strength was the heating rate.
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    Investigation of the effects of different nanoparticle-reinforced liquids on the cooling performance of the battery thermal management system
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Celik, Kemal; Polat, Fikret; Kilincel, Mert
    Electric vehicles are gaining importance in the transportation sector as an environmentally friendly option to replace fossil fuels and reduce carbon footprint. Battery packs, which are the power source of electric vehicles, are high-cost and thermally sensitive components. The temperature rising and temperature distribution of battery packs during charging and discharging processes affect their performance, life, and safety. Therefore, an effective cooling system is required to keep the operating temperature of the battery packs in the optimum range and to ensure homogeneous temperature distribution. In this study, a battery module containing 18 cylindrical lithium-ion batteries was placed in a labyrinth-type cooling channel. The cooling channel is made of copper. Pure water, boron nitride (BN)-water nanofluid, and titanium dioxide (TiO2)-water nanofluid were passed through the cooling channel and the thermal performances of the cooling fluids were compared. Concentrations of 0.1% by mass of BN-water nanofluid and 0.1% by mass of TiO2-water nanofluid were used. Experiments were carried out at 1C charge and 1C, 2C, and 3C discharge rates to test the battery pack under different operating conditions. In all experiments, the inlet flow rate of the refrigerants was kept constant at 790 ml/min and the inlet temperature at 25 degrees C. According to the experimental results, it was seen that BN-water nanofluid provides better cooling performance compared to other fluids and makes the temperature distribution of the battery module more homogeneous. This study aims to contribute to the development of battery thermal management systems in electric vehicles.
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    The investigation of wear properties of nanoparticle-reinforced epoxy composite material surfaces
    (Iop Publishing Ltd, 2023) Apay, Serkan; Kilincel, Mert
    This study added nano-sized Al2O3, Boron, and TiO2 powders to the epoxy polymer at 0.5% and 1% ratios. Abrasive wear resistance properties of nanoparticle-reinforced epoxy polymers were investigated. First cylindrical specimens with and without additives were prepared for realizing the experimental research. Pin-on discs were used for the wear test of epoxy samples. The mass losses were measured via a precision scale. According to the results, the boron nanoparticles have increased the epoxy specimens' resistance. As a result of the experimental studies, it was observed that the wear resistance of the epoxy composite increased with each nano-sized powder added to the epoxy. SEM and optical profilometry investigated the composites' friction coefficient and surface morphology. As a result of friction coefficient and wear weight loss tests, the highest wear resistance was obtained in 1% boron powder nano-reinforced epoxy composites. It was observed that the epoxy friction coefficient was in the range of 0.4-0.6, which decreased to the range of 0.2-0.4 with the addition of nano boron. The surface roughness value after epoxy wear was measured as 1.4 mu m. With the addition of nano boron, this value was measured as 0.32 mu m. Optical profilometry and SEM imaging results also support these values.
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    Machinability performance of different fiber orientations of roll wrapped CFRP pipes
    (Wiley, 2024) Yilmaz, Merve; Kilincel, Mert; Sirin, Senol
    Integrating fiber reinforcement plastics (FRP) materials into the industry plays a key role especially for pipes. However, due to the production methods of CFRP pipes, surface finishing processes are inevitable at the end of production. Despite the widespread use of CFRP materials, the predominant focus in the literature has been on their mechanical performance. This study aims to contribute to the limited research on the machinability of CFRP materials. In this context, the turning machining process for CFRP pipes was experimentally investigated in the present study. For this purpose, carbon fiber pipes with an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 60 mm were produced and subjected to computer numerical control (CNC) turning. First, a cylindrical aluminum pipe is used as a mold to manufacture CFRP pipes. Unidirectional (UD) carbon fabrics were wrapped on these aluminum molds. Shrink tape was used to enhance the surface smoothness and required pressure to prevent delaminating of the end product during the process. UD carbon fabrics are wrapped on to the mold at the selected angles (0 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees) and the CFRP pipe specimens were manufactured using epoxy matrix. Pipes were processed on CNC lathe at 120, 160, 200 rev/min speeds and f 0.4 mm/rev feed rate. The surfaces of the machined specimens were measured with a microscope and a surface roughness device. On the other hand, wear on the tools was observed after the process.