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    Amanah and Muslim Identity: Relationships with Religious and Psychological Adjustment in Malaysia
    (Springer, 2020) Tekke, Mustafa; Watson, P. J.; Kayadibi, Saim; Chen, Zhuo Job
    Amanah refers to the accountability of Muslims to their community. In Malaysian Muslim university students (N = 209), an Amanah Scale predicted a stronger sense of identity along with more adaptive religious and psychosocial functioning. Multiple regression analyses identified Accountability to Society as especially influential, but Accountability to Allah exhibited at least some problematic implications. Amanah mediated Identity linkages with some measures of religious and psychological adjustment, but also suppressed Identity relationships with greater self-knowledge and lower anxiety. These data confirmed the importance of communal commitments in Muslim mental health, suggested that accountability may have limited liabilities as well as more obvious psychosocial advantages, and identified possible complexities in the assessment of Accountability to Allah.
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    Muslim Verbal and Active Prayer (MVAP): Measurement and Psychological Functioning of Supplications in Islam
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Chen, Zhuo Job; Tekke, Mustafa; Mastor, Khairul Anwar; Kayadibi, Saim
    Prayer is an important aspect of many religions. Existing measures of prayer have mostly originated from the Christian West and emphasized various verbal aspects of making a supplication. An active aspect of prayer, in which the supplicants strive for what they pray, has not received sufficient attention despite being crucial to Muslim belief. Based on the Islamic scholar Said Nursi's conceptualization, the current study developed and validated a 7-item, 2-factor measure of Muslim Verbal and Active Prayer (MVAP). The measure showed good construct validity in two independent Muslim samples (N = 297 and 179) in exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. It demonstrated not only convergent validity, but showed incremental validity predicting religious and psychological adjustment over and above Muslim religiosity and spirituality. In addition, the Muslim prayers invigorated and integrated Muslim religious spirituality in its expression of religious and psychological adjustment. This brief measure has potential to deepen empirical studies of Muslim psychology, and prayer research in general.