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    Can the Gut Microbiota Serve as a Guide to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Childhood Epilepsy?
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Turay, Sevim; Cangur, Sengul; Kahraman, Gozde; Kayabasi, Eda; Cetiner, Omer Faruk; Aydin, Burak; Ozturk, Cihadiye Elif
    Background: To investigate the activity of the gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of childhood epilepsy and to define biomarkers capable of assisting with determining new strategies in that context. Methods: Twenty children with epilepsy of unknown etiology and seven healthy controls in the same age group were included in the study. The groups were compared using a questionnaire. Stool samples were stored in tubes containing DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo Research) with a sterile swab. Sequencing was carried out using the MiSeq System (Illumina). The 16S rRNA sequencing of samples using nextgeneration sequencing involved V4 variable region polymerase chain reaction amplification concluded by 2 x 250-bp paired-end sequencing of amplicons and at least 50,000 reads (>Q30) per sample. DNA sequences were classified at the genus level using the Kraken program. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis were then performed.Results: Individuals' gut microbiota relative abundance values differed between the groups at the genus, order, class, family, and phylum levels. Flavihumibacter, Niabella, Anoxybacillus, Brevundimonas, Devosia, and Delftia were seen only in the control group, whereas Megamonas and Coriobacterium were observed only in the epilepsy group. The linear discriminant analysis effect size method identified 33 taxa as important in differentiating the groups. Conclusions: We think that bacterial varieties (such as Megamonas and Coriobacterium) that differ be-tween the two groups can be employed as useful biomarkers in the diagnosis and follow-up of epileptic patients. We also predict that, in addition to epilepsy treatment protocols, the restoration of eubiotic microbiota may increase the success of treatment.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    The Effect of Vitamin D Level on the Clinical Situation in COVID-19 Patients
    (Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2023) Davran, Fatih; Hacioglu, Ceyhan; Kayabasi, Eda; Keskin, Banu Humeyra; Duran, Pelin Kamuran; Unlu, Nisa; Escan, Elif
    Objective: Vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of mucosal barriers and in natural and acquired immunity. In the COVID-19 pandemic, the strength of personal immunity is very important in the course of the disease, despite the presence of variants of the virus or vaccination status. Method: In this study, we investigated the relationship between the clinical course and vitamin D levels of outpatient and inpatient follow-up patients admitted to our hospital due to COVID-19. A total of 94 patients, 47 outpatients and 47 inpatients, were included in the study. Results: The mean age and gender distributions of both groups were similar. Vitamin D levels were found to be normal in only 7 of 94 patients who were followed up in our hospital due to COVID-19. Patients with vitamin D levels >= 30 were significantly lower than those with <10 and 10-29.9 (p<0.01 for each). Hospitalized patients (71%) with vitamin D levels <10 were significantly higher than those (0%) with vitamin D levels >= 30. Additionally, the outpatients (29%) with vitamin D levels <10 were significantly lower than those (100%) with vitamin D levels >= 30. Conclusion: The data showed that vitamin D deficiency may be associated with the severe clinical course of COVID-19, even in patients without comorbidities, and may also be one of the predisposing factors resulting in death in COVID-19. As a result, vitamin D levels in COVID-19 patients may be important for the course of the disease.