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    Escaping the Gender Prison-Transgender Men's Experience Before and After Hysterectomy: A Qualitative Study
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Bakir, Sumeyye; Ozturk, Rusen; Eminov, Ayse; Kavlak, Oya; Ertem, Gul; Ozceltik, Gokay; Eminov, Elmin
    This study aimed to examine the experiences of female-to-male transgendered individuals (FtMs) who underwent gender-affirming hysterectomy (GAH) and to investigate patients' perceptions of GAH and their expectations and support needs from healthcare professionals before and after the surgery. The study used a phenomenological approach and a qualitative research method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews. The sample was selected using diversity sampling, which is one of the deliberate sampling methods. The study included 20 FtMs with a GAH in Turkey between February 2022 and 2023. As a result of the study, participants identified three main themes: experiences with body and gender identity, experiences with health professionals and systems, and mental and physical recovery from surgery. FtMs individuals reported less distress and more happiness after undergoing a hysterectomy. The participants expected health professionals and society to raise awareness, normalize the process, and improve legal procedures. They advocated for legal regulations that address reproductive deprivation and identity issues without surgery and the ability to freeze oocytes before hysterectomy. This study sheds light on the experiences of transgender FtMs before and after GAH. These findings can potentially improve gender-affirming healthcare, particularly in our country.
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    Investigation Preferences for Family Planning Methods with Cultural Approach of Women in the Postpartum Period
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2024) Topaloğlu Ören, Ekin Dila; Yaşar, Öznur; Tok Yanık, Nilüfer; Kavlak, Oya
    Aim: In this study, it is aimed to investigate preferences for Family Planning (FP) methods with cultural approach of women in the postpartum period.Material and Methods: A total of 269 volunteer women who were in the postpartum period and were discharged from the gynecology and obstetrics clinic of a state hospital in Izmir participated in the study. “Individual information form” as a data tool was used prepared by scanning the literature in line with Leninger's "Cultural Differences and Universality in Care" model to determine sociodemographic, obstetric and family planning preferences.Results: It was found that 92.20% of women decided to have a child together with their spouse, 75.80% of them had a planned pregnancy, 90.70% of them got pregnant voluntarily, 76.60% of them got pregnant more than two years, 23.40% of them got pregnant in less than two years. It was determined that 92.90% of the women found family planning methods necessary and useful, but 25.30% feared the methods, 7.40% of them could not reach the methods easily, 92.60% of them decided to use a family planning method together with their spouse, 31.30% of them do not information about FP methods, 41.30% of them did not use a condom because of their spouse did not want it, 62.80% of them did not consider using intra uterin device because of its side effects and 77.30% of them did not consider using oral contraceptives in the postpartum period. It was determined that there is a significant difference between the region where women have lived longest and the knowledge about receiving information about FP, finding FP methods useful, accessing the FP methods, thinking that breastfeeding protects against pregnancy, receiving information about whether breastfeeding protects against pregnancy and thinking that milk protects after menstruation.Conclusion: It was determined that women did not have sufficient knowledge about FP methods, them scared the side effects of the methods, them thinking that breastfeeding will prevent pregnancy, them continuing to used the withdrawal method despite modern methods and the spouse of the woman is an important factor in the choice of methods.
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    Vajinal Doğuma İlişkin Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği Türkçe Versiyonunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği: Metodolojik Bir Çalışma
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2024) Karadeniz, Hilal; Kavlak, Oya
    Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı Vajinal Doğuma İlişkin Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği'nin Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliğini test etmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Metodolojik tipteki çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesinde 165 gebe kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler "Kişisel Bilgi Formu", "Vajinal Doğuma Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği" ve "Doğum Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği - Kısa Formu" kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerliliğini test etmek amacıyla dil geçerliliği, içerik geçerliliği, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve ölçüt bağımlılık geçerliliği yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliği madde-toplam korelasyonu, Cronbach alfa katsayısı, iki yarı test yöntemi ve test-tekrar test analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Ölçeğin kapsam geçerlilik indeksi 0,80'in üzerinde bulunmuştur. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde uyum iyiliği indekslerinin tamamı kabul edilebilir değerlere sahiptir. Madde-toplam korelasyonları her bir madde için 0,167 ile 0,809 arasında değişmekte olup, ölçek toplamı ile pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu belirledi. Uzmanların önerileri doğrultusunda ölçekten herhangi bir madde çıkartılmadı. Ölçeğin 9 madde olarak tek faktör altında toplandığı belirlendi. Ölçeğin iki yarısı arasındaki korelasyon 0,76, Spearman-Brown katsayısı 0,86 ve Gutmann Split-Half katsayısı 0,85'tir. Ölçeğin geneli için hesaplanan Cronbach alfa katsayısı 0,87 olarak bulundu. Maddelerin toplam korelasyonu ve test-tekrar test korelasyonu 0,924 ile yüksek güvenilirlik gösterdi (p