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    Comparison of Ball Throwing Velocity, Anaerobic Power and Some Anthropometric Characteristics of Team Handball Female Players in Terms of Playing Position
    (Lahore Medical & Dental Coll, 2021) Ozkamci, Huseyin; Karadenizli, Zeynep Inci; Zileli, Raif
    Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare ball throwing velocity (BTV), counter movement jump (CMJ), anaerobic power, and some anthropometric characteristics among young and senior national female handball players (n: 54; age: 21.90 yrs). Methods: Elite female handball players, who play in different playing positions (19 playmakers, 18 pivot and 17 wing) voluntarily participated in the study. Data were analysed in terms of BTV, CMJ, anaerobic power and some anthropometric characteristics (waist circumference, body mass index, arm span and hand length). Results: Data were statistically described, and ANOVA test was used for the comparison. As a result of statistical analysis, there is no significant difference in waist circumference, anaerobic power, CMJ, hand length and mean BTV values (p>0.05). On the other hand, there is a significant difference between playing positions in the BMI, and arm span values (p<0.05). The results of the study show that there is a significant difference between the wing players and the pivot players in terms of body mass index (BMI) values in favour of wing players (21.12, 22.97 respectively). There is a significant difference in the arm span length values between the playmakers and wing players in favour of the playmakers (173.52 cm, 164.88 cm respectively). There is no difference in BTV, CMJ, anaerobic power, waist circumference, and hand length values. Conclusion: As a result, there are significant differences in some anthropometric characteristics among the elite female national handball players in the playing positions. These information might be helpful for the assessment and evaluation of talents and may help to develop and optimize position-specific training regimes and identification of talents.
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    The Effect of Static and PNF Stretching Techniques on Anaerobic Power and Balance Performance in Taekwondo Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
    (2025) Erdem, Sinan; Karadenizli, Zeynep Inci; İlbak, İsmail
    Objective: In sports literature, warm-up plays a crucial role in preparing athletes both physiologically and psychologically to optimize their performance. While there is a consensus among researchers that warm-up practices positively influence sports performance, there remains ongoing de- bate about which specific stretching techniques during the warm-up phase are most effective. This study aims to investigate the effects of static and propri- oceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching techniques, applied dur- ing the warm-up phase over an 8-week period, on the anaerobic power and static balance performance of professional taekwondo athletes. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 voluntary taekwondo ath- letes aged between 18-25 years. The vertical jump test was used to measure anaerobic power performance, while the flamingo balance test assessed bal- ance performance. The collected data were analyzed using IBM Statistics soft- ware. Results: In this study, there was no statistically significant difference between the balance and anaerobic power performances of taekwondo ath- letes, neither in the pre-test and post-test scores, nor between the groups (p>0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that 8 weeks of static and PNF stretching techniques during the warm-up phase did not directly affect the anaerobic power and balance performance of taekwondo athletes. Conclu- sion: In conclusion, the findings highlight that neither static stretching nor PNF stretching alone is sufficient to elicit improvements in anaerobic power and balance performance in professional taekwondo athletes during the warm- up phase. Future research could refine warm-up protocols for taekwondo ath- letes by combining stretching and activation strategies, building on these findings.
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    The Relationship Between Anthropometric Characteristics, Chronological Age, and Training Age with Speed, Agility, and Explosive Power in Handball Players
    (Mdpi, 2025) Karadenizli, Zeynep Inci; Ilbak, Ismail; Jorgic, Bojan M.; Onu, Ilie; Coman, Madalina-Gabriela; Iordan, Daniel-Andrei
    (1) Background: Research examining the combined influence of anthropometric characteristics, chronological age, and training age on motor performance in handball is limited. Given the sport's demands and the participation of both adolescent and adult athletes, understanding these relationships is essential for talent identification, personalized training, and long-term athlete development. This study aimed to explore how these variables affect motor performance indicators such as speed, agility, and explosive power. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 29 male handball players. Anthropometric data (height and body weight), chronological age, and training age were collected. Motor performance was assessed using a 30 m sprint, a vertical jump test, and an agility test. (3) Results: Chronological age showed a strong positive correlation with training age (r = 0.819), and moderate correlations with height, body weight, vertical jump, agility, and sprint time. Training age was moderately correlated with vertical jump (r = 0.465) and agility (r = 0.439). Height and body weight were positively associated with sprint time. BMI exhibited low but consistent correlations with all motor tests. Regression analysis revealed that height significantly predicted sprint performance (beta = 0.401, p = 0.033), while BMI was not a significant predictor. No significant regression models were found for agility or vertical jump performance. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that both chronological and training age influence certain aspects of motor performance in handball players. Height may serve as a useful predictor of sprint ability, but anthropometric indicators such as BMI appear insufficient for explaining performance in agility or explosive power tasks. These findings support the use of multidimensional and individualized approaches in athletic assessment and training design.