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    Evaluation of Acute and Subacute Toxicity of ISY-CP® Food Herbal Mixture in Rats
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2020) Yaşar, Mustafa; Şenoğul, Oğuzhan; Karadeniz, Beste; Gök, Ali; Ağyar Yoldaş, Pınar; Ağan, Kağan
    Objective: Recently, there is a growing interest in medicinal and aromatic plants also the treatment methods by using these plants in traditional and complementary medicine. On the other hand, possible toxicities of medicinal and aromatic plants has lately begun to be researched and it is extremely important to cognize these possibilities for human consumption. Therefore, a research has been conducted to understand the acute/subacute toxicity characteristics of a plant based herbal mixture, ISY-CP® used in remember regeneration therapy method (RTM) in rats. The product contains a mixture of nettle leaves (Urtica dioica), yarrow (Achillea millefolium), thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and horsetail (Equisetum arvense) plants. The aim of this research was to examine the effects of ISY-CP® herbal mixture in term of toxicity. Material-Method: In the experimental design, 32 female rats were divided into 4 groups (control, acute, subacute and post-subacute). In order to observe acute and subacute toxicity, clinical observations were performed and the biochemical, hematological and histopathological parameters of the animals were evaluated at the end of the application. Results: According to the results obtained from the study, there were not found significant differences in biochemical, hematological and histopathological evaluations between the control and the application groups. Only phorphorus data is statistically different between subacute toxicity group and control group.Conclusion: In our study, the acute and subacute toxic effects of ISY-CP® herbal mixture’s doses used in this study were not observed.
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    Use of Sunflower Seed Lecithin as an Emulsifier in Herbal Cream Preparation
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2020) Türken, Tuğba; Karadeniz, Beste; Şirin, Neslihan; Aydın, Gülşah; Göksu, Haydar
    Objective: Lecithin is a commercially used emulsifier. Generally, lecithin used in foodstuffs is obtained from soybean oil. In recent years, lecithin obtained from sunflower seeds is also used as an emulsifier in the food industry. In this study, the use of lecithin obtained from sunflower seeds was carried out in the cosmetics industry.Material-Method: Considering the widespread production of sunflower oil, together with lecithin obtained from this source the aim of this study is a)To produce a cream containing sunflower lecithin and St. John’s Wort oil b)It was aimed to bring a new product to the market by performing microbiological tests of the produced cream. Lecithin can be separated from crude oil by the method of hydration. Also antimicrobial efficacy test, after the artificial contamination created on the sample, the logarithmic calculation of the number of viable microorganisms remaining in the product is performed on the 7th, 14th and 28th days and the antimicrobial effectiveness of the sample is determined. Check whether cosmetic products or raw materials cause irritation in the skin dermatological analysis was made by accredited laboratories.Results: Dermatological, antimicrobial and microbiological tests of the herbal cream that we produce have been tested and its reliability and authenticity have been proved. As a result of the evaluations and calculations made at the end of the 72 th hour, it was evaluated as "not an irritant/not a cause of irritation" dermatologically. According to the results of the antimicrobial analysis, the sample was determined to be protected against microbial growth.Conclusion: A commercial emulsifier was used in the herbal cream formulation with St. John's Wort, which was previously developed by our group. In this study, lecithin obtained from sunflower seeds was used instead of commercial emulsifiers. The dermatological tests and the antimicrobial efficacy tests of the obtained herbal cream were carried out in accredited laboratories. It has been proven by tests that the resulting cream formulation meets the necessary criteria.