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  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Effects of Different Doses of Systemic Isotretinoin on Eyes: A Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study in Rats
    (NLM (Medline), 2020) Karadağ, Remzi; Karadağ, Ayşe Serap; Özlü, Emin; Oğuztüzün, Serpil; Şimşek, Gülçin; Esmer, Oktay; Bilgili, Serap Güneş
    PURPOSE: To evaluate ocular side effects associated with systemic isotretinoin histopathologically. METHODS: In this multicenter study, a total of 15 male and 15 female rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups according to the oral dose of isotretinoin they were administered: 0 mg/kg/d (group A), 7.5 mg/kg/d (group B), and 15 mg/kg/d (group C). Biopsy specimens were taken from the globe conjunctiva, cornea, and eyelid conjunctiva. Expression levels of human beta-defensin-1, human beta-defensin-2, toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, and TLR-4 were evaluated by immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: The number of goblet cells in eyelid conjunctiva was significantly lower in group B than that in group A and group C (P = 0.002). The sizes of meibomian gland acini were significantly smaller in group B and group C than those in group A (P < 0.001). Fibrosis of eyelid conjunctiva was significantly higher in group C and group B than that in group A (P = 0.002). The levels of staining of TLR-4 in the cornea with group B were significantly lower compared with group C (P = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that isotretinoin in the early period affects eyelid conjunctiva and meibomian glands without affecting the globe conjunctiva and cornea. Occurrence of the initial symptoms of isotretinoin on the eyelids, especially on the meibomian glands, suggests that the symptoms of patients occur because of evaporative dry eye.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Prismotherapy in opthalmology [Oftalmolojide prizmalarla tedavi uygulamaları]
    (Logos Medical Publishing, 2015) Bayramlar, Hüseyin; Karadağ, Remzi; Çakıcı, Özgür; Bayramlar, Mahnur
    Thanks to their optical peculiarities, prisms could be used to correct diplopia by realigning the visual axis. Though they can not generally achieve a cure, the prisms often correct the symptoms such as diplopia and abnormal head posture which can be very disturbing for patients. Recently, it has been shown that oblique peripheral prisms improved responses of people with homonymous hemianopia to blind spot hazards when driving. Prisms may also be used to expand visual field in the patients with tubular vision due to retinitis pigmentosa etc. In this paper, we reviewed the prismotherapy, its indications and contraindications. © 2015, Logos Medical Publishing. All rights reserved.