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Öğe Chattering free robust control of LCL filter based shunt active power filter using adaptive second order sliding mode and resonant controllers(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2016) Kale, Murat; Karabacak, Murat; Kruschel, Wolfram; Kılıç, Fuat; Zacharias, PeterThis paper proposes a new robust adaptive controller for LCL filter based shunt active power filters in order to solve the control problems of high overshoot and large settling time in the DC link voltage. To this end, the second order sliding mode with the adaptive gain super-twisting control law and proportional-resonant controllers with active damping are used in the DC bus voltage control loop and d-q axis current control loops respectively. The control objectives are fourfold: (I) driving the DC bus voltage to a reference signal; (ii) forcing the d-q axis current errors to zero; (iii) assuring a satisfactory power factor correction and a high harmonic performance in relation to the AC source; and (iv) eliminating the chattering effect. In the closed loop control system, three phase grid currents, LCL capacitor currents and the DC link voltage are available for feedback. As a result, the proposed controller has the advantages of zero overshoot response and fast acting chattering-free behavior. Results of experimental studies prove that the proposed control system guarantees to track reference signals with a high harmonic performance despite external disturbance uncertainties. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Comparative study of a bidirectional multi-phase multiinput converter for electric vehicles(Scientific and Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Akar, Furkan; Kale, Murat; Yalçın, Sebahattin; Taş, GözdeMultiinput converters allow to create hybrid energy systems in electric vehicles with a reduced part count. In addition, interleaved structures help to build efficient converters with several possible benefits, such as low current ripple and high power density. This paper proposes utilizing a multiphase multiinput converter (MPMIC), which concentrates the aforementioned advantages and presents a comprehensive comparison with its single-phase version, called singlephase multiinput converter (SPMIC). After analysing their steady-state characteristics, SPMIC and MPMIC are designed considering same conditions. Then, two laboratory prototypes rated at 2.5kW output power are implemented to validate the analysis. Finally, these prototypes are compared in terms of voltage-gain, input current ripple, efficiency, complexity, cost, and power density. The results show that MPMIC surpasses SPMIC in efficiency and in input current ripple at the expense of increments in the complexity and cost. Besides, MPMIC results in comparatively high voltage gain in low power region thanks to the discontinuous current mode operation. On the other hand, it is explored that SPMIC can reach higher power density in the event of effective cooling.Öğe Elektrikli Araçlarda Hibrit Güç Sistemleri GeliştirilmesineYönelik Yüksek Verimli Çift Yönlü Çok Fazlı Çok Girişli Bir DC-DC Dönüştürücünün Geliştirilmesi(2020) Akar, Furkan; Kale, MuratDengesiz petrol fiyatları, ekonomik kaygılar, küresel ısınma gibi sebepler elektrikli araçlara olan ilgiyi arttırmaktadır. Dinamik yük profilleri ile bilinen elektrikli araçların yüksek güç yoğunluğuna sahip bir enerji depolama sistemi ile beslenmesi gerekmektedir. Ayrıca, uzun menzil için enerji depolama sisteminin enerji yoğunluğunun da yüksek olması gerekmektedir. Bu iki ihtiyaca tek bir tür enerji depolama sistemi ile cevap verilmesi zor olduğundan, literatürde hibrit enerji depolama sistemlerinin kullanılması önerilmektedir. Örneğin, batarya ultrakapasitör hibrit sistemi ile yüksek güç ve yüksek enerji yoğunluğuna ulaşılabilirken aynı zamanda batarya ömrü de arttırılabilmektedir. Bu proje yukarıda örnekleri verilen hibrit güç sistemlerini oluşturabilecek, çift yönlü olarak giriş kaynakları arasında aktif güç paylaşımı yapabilen, her iki yönde de düşürücü ve yükseltici olarak çalışabilen çok fazlı çok girişli bir güç elektroniği dönüştürücüsü önermektedir. Önerilen bu dönüştürücü, çok fazlı yapısı yardımıyla benzer dönüştürücülerde karşılaşılan düşük verim ve yüksek giriş akımı dalgalanması gibi problemleri ortadan kaldırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca verimi arttırmak amacıyla devreye bir bastırma hücresi eklenmesi önerilmektedir. Önerilen dönüştürücünün 1-fazlı, 2-fazlı ve 3-fazlı hallerinin bastırma hücresi içeren ve içermeyen durumları için analiz, tasarım ve benzetim çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Prototipler üretilmiş ve sistemler deneysel olarak test edilmiş, verim, güç yoğunluğu ve maliyet açılarından karşılaştırılmıştır. Son olarak detaylı bir maliyet analizi yapılmıştır.Öğe A High Voltage Gain Multi-Input Converter(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018) Akar, Furkan; Kale, MuratThis paper proposes a non-isolated unidirectional high step-up multi-input converter based on switched capacitor cells. The proposed structure specifically useful for hybrid power systems when energy sources with low output voltages, e.g., a photovoltaic system or a fuel cell, need to be connected to a dc bus with high voltage. Moreover, it is possible to store redundant energy into energy storage systems connected to the input of the converter, which is important for renewable energy systems. © 2018 IEEE.Öğe A High Voltage Gain Multi-Input Converter(Ieee, 2018) Akar, Furkan; Kale, MuratThis paper proposes a non-isolated unidirectional high step-up multi-input converter based on switched capacitor cells. The proposed structure specifically useful for hybrid power systems when energy sources with low output voltages, e.g., a photovoltaic system or a fuel cell, need to be connected to a dc bus with high voltage. Moreover, it is possible to store redundant energy into energy storage systems connected to the input of the converter, which is important for renewable energy systems.Öğe A new hysteresis band current control technique for a shunt active filter(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2015) Kale, Murat; Özdemir, EnginThis paper proposes a hysteresis band (HB) current control technique to reduce the power losses in a shunt active filter. During a switching period in the zero-crossing region, the inverter output current flows through a transistor. By changing the direction, it flows through the free-wheeling diode of the same switch in an inverter leg, or vice versa. The shunt active filter current typically has 6 zero-crossing regions during a fundamental frequency cycle. This paper presents a HB current control technique where there is not any switching in these 6 zero-crossing regions per period, which results in reducing the power losses. The experimental results clearly show that the power losses of the shunt active filter are reduced by using the proposed technique.Öğe A novel hysteresis band current controller scheme for three phase AC chopper(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2013) Kale, Murat; Karabacak, Murat; Saraçoğlu, BilalThis paper presents the application of the hysteresis band current controller (HBCC) technique to the three phase pulse width modulation (PWM) AC chopper used for the purpose of controlling the magnitude of the sinusoidal currents and voltages applied to an AC load. If the HBCC technique used in the inverters is directly employed in the three phase PWM AC chopper, it causes the AC chopper to fail to provide balanced three phase sinusoidal currents for a three phase AC load. In return, this situation leads some unavoidable and serious faults to occur in the hardware of the three phase PWM AC chopper. In respect to this case, the detailed analysis expressing the related faults is presented. Consequently, for the first time, a novel HBCC technique overcoming these faults is proposed for the three phase PWM AC chopper. The proposed method is tested under various operating conditions and a very precise control performance is achieved. Simulation results prove the feasibility and validity of the proposed method. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Sensorless control application of PMSM with a novel adaptation mechanism(Springer, 2018) Dursun, Mustafa; Boz, Ali Fuat; Kale, Murat; Karabacak, MuratThis paper proposes a novel adaptation design to replace the classical proportional-integral controller used in model reference adaptive system (MRAS) speed estimation. The proposed adaptation scheme is an association of two fuzzy units. The rules of each module were obtained by user experience and numerical data. In the traditional fuzzy logic controllers, the computational complication enhances with the attributes of the system variable quantities; the number of rules increases incrementally while the number of control variables increases. This negatively affects the response time of the system. This novel design was deduced to reduce the number of rules for a linear function of system variables. By this way, the response of the system became faster. Detailed simulation and experimental results were obtained for comparison of this novel method with traditional MRAS techniques. The results showed that the proposed method was faster in speed tracking and exhibited higher prediction accuracy and less oscillation than the traditional method. Thus, the proposed MRAS method was clearly seen to be applicable and reliable.Öğe A SOGI Based Band Stop Filter Approach for a Single-Phase Shunt Active Power Filter(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018) Kale, Murat; Akar, Furkan; Karabacak, MuratControl of shunt active power filter (SAPF) requires a cascaded control structure as inner current closed loop followed by outer voltage control loop. The inner current control loop is responsible for tracking of a reference current while the outer voltage loop regulates DC bus voltage to a fixed value. Dynamic performance of the DC bus voltage regulation suffers from the adverse effects such that harmonic currents produced by SAPFs lead to fluctuations in DC bus voltage at certain harmonic frequencies. This causes SAPF to produce additional harmonic components, since the outer voltage loop deals with only fundamental waves where the fluctuations should not appear. This study proposes a DC bus voltage regulation methodology based on a Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI) acting as a band-stop filter with the aim of increasing the voltage regulation performance in the steady state. The proposed filter does not affect the transient response thanks to that it only suppresses the harmonic-induced fluctuations in DC bus voltage. Through a simulation study, the proposed methodology is validated, and the results prove the performance and feasibility of the proposed filter. © 2018 IEEE.Öğe A SOGI Based Band Stop Filter Approach for a Single-Phase Shunt Active Power Filter(Ieee, 2018) Kale, Murat; Akar, Furkan; Karabacak, MuratControl of shunt active power filter (SAPF) requires a cascaded control structure as inner current closed loop followed by outer voltage control loop. The inner current control loop is responsible for tracking of a reference current while the outer voltage loop regulates DC bus voltage to a fixed value. Dynamic performance of the DC bus voltage regulation suffers from the adverse effects such that harmonic currents produced by SAPFs lead to fluctuations in DC bus voltage at certain harmonic frequencies. This causes SAPF to produce additional harmonic components, since the outer voltage loop deals with only fundamental waves where the fluctuations should not appear. This study proposes a DC bus voltage regulation methodology based on a Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI) acting as a band-stop filter with the aim of increasing the voltage regulation performance in the steady state. The proposed filter does not affect the transient response thanks to that it only suppresses the harmonic-induced fluctuations in DC bus voltage. Through a simulation study, the proposed methodology is validated, and the results prove the performance and feasibility of the proposed filter.Öğe Use of Multifunctional Power Electronic Network Controllers in Smart Distribution Systems(Ieee, 2014) Kale, Murat; Hauer, Ines; Kruschel, Wolfram; Maurer, Tobias; Zacharias, PeterDiverse and dynamic load and generation patterns are putting new demands on the operation of distribution networks. New network management approaches and innovative equipment are needed to handle highly volatile voltage profiles resulting from intermittent distributed generation. This paper investigates the use of an inline voltage regulator in a LV network. As simulations based on realistic feed-in scenarios show, it is an efficient tool for influencing a network's voltage profile. Since voltage regulation is not required permanently, such a flexible power electronic device can be further used to increase a power system's efficiency and reliability by implementing features such as reactive power compensation or mitigation of harmonics. Concerning this matter, an approach for an adaptive system management is discussed that allows the provision of additional functionality whenever the converter is not used to its full capacity for the voltage regulation task.
