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    Evaluating The Effects of Genotype and Environment on Yield and Some Quality Parameters in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Using Principal Component and GGE Biplot Analyses
    (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2021) Kahraman, Turhan; Gungor, Huseyin; Ozturk, Irfan; Yuce, Ilker; Dumlupinar, Ziya
    This study was conducted to evaluate genotype and genotype x environment interaction via principal component and biplot analysis on grain yield and some quality parameters with five bread wheat genotypes (Pehlivan, Aldane, Selimiye, Gelibolu and Bereket) and three advanced lines (TE-5843, TE-5427 and TE-5857) in 2011, 2012 and 2013 production season in Edirne, Kirklareli and Tekirdag locations (a total number of nine environments). The experiment was desighned in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In the study, grain yield (GY), thousand kernel weight (TKW), test weight (TW), protein ratio (PR), gluten content (GC), gluten index (GI) and zeleny sedimentation (ZS) traits were investigated. Genotype, environment and genotype x environment interactions were found significant for all investigated traits. According to the results, the lowest., the highest. and mean values were determined as 598.5 708.3 (661.6) kg da(-1) for GY, 35.3 - 46.5 (40.7) g for TKW, 80.4 83.3 (82.2) kg hl(-1) for TW, 10.9 12.6 (11.7)% for PR, 28.1-36.5 (33.0)% for GC. 62.9-94.2 (85.1) % for GI and 38.4-56.2 (47.6) ml for ZS. respectively. Based on environment. averages the highest values were obtained from Bereket cultivar for GY (708.3 kg da(-1)), Pehlivan cultivar for TKW (46.48 g), Aldane cultivar for PR (12.60%) and ZS (56.22 ml). Selimive cultivar for TW (83.27%), TE-5427 genotype for GC (36.50%) and TE - 5857 for GI (94.21%). The principal component biplot analysis (PCA) explained 86.1% of the relationship between the investigated traits and genotypes. Thus, a negative correlation was determined between GY and PR. GGE biplot analysis explained 72.07% of the relationship of genotype + genotype x environment for GY. Therefore, three mega environments were determined and Bereket and Gelibolu cultivars took place in the biggest. mega environment consisted of six environments as featured cultivars.
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    GGE biplot analysis of genotype by environment interaction of barley cultivars
    (Univ Zulia, Facultad Agronomia, 2023) Gungor, Huseyin; Cakir, Mehmet Fatih; Dumlupinar, Ziya
    This study was conducted out to determine grain yield, yield components, and some quality charecteristics of 17 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes at six environments in Thrace region of Turkey, using principal component analysis (PCA) and genotype (G) + genotype x environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis to define the genotypes with higher yield and desirable quality traits during the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 cropping seasons. Mean values of the genotypes varied from 5106-6753 kg.ha-1 for grain yield, 103.4-117.1 days for heading date, 94.6-110.3 cm for plant height, 6.26-10.07 cm for spike length, 25.0-75.5 number of grains per spike, 1.20-2.99 g grain weight per spike, 35.0-50.5 g for thousand kernel weight and 56.4-64.1 kg.hl-1 for test weight. The relationships among the examined traits and genotypes was 53.9 % as defined by PC biplot analyses. GGE biplot analysis represented 94.77 % of the relationship of G + GE for grain yield. Two mega circles were formed according to grain yield, Zeus genotype for E1, E2 and E5 locations and Arcanda genotype for E3, E4 and E6 locations were determined as prominent genotypes. Zeus and Arcanda cultivars have been identified as the most ideal and stable genotypes.
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    Path Coefficient and Correlation Analysis in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties for Some Agronomical Traits
    (Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2019) Gungor, Huseyin; Dumlupinar, Ziya
    In this study, the relationships among yield, yield components and quality traits of some bread wheat varieties registered in Turkey were investigated using correlation and path coefficient analysis. Eighteen commercial bread wheat varieties were used in a randomized complete block design experiment with four replications at ecological conditions of Bolu in 2010 - 17 and 2017-18 cropping seasons. Based on the two years data. positive and significant relationship was found between grain yield and plant height (0.755**), and a positive relationship was found among grain yield and heading date (0.118), spike length (0.141), spikelet number per spike (0.210), grain number per spike (0.223), 1000-grain weight (0.015) and gluten content (0.271). According to the path coefficient analysis, plant height (p = 0.8984, 76.73%), heading date (p = 0.3935, 21.53%), grain number per spike (p = 0.6048, 29.33%), test weight (p = 0.9446, 41.06%) and gluten content (p = 0.4310, 28.86%) had direct and positive effects, while spikelet number per spike (p = -0.8489. 38.04%) and protein ratio (p = -0.9257. 39.04%) had negative effects. It was concluded that, yield components and quality traits that were positively related with grain yield could be used as select ion criteria in breeding programs in Bolu conditions.
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    Screening of oat varieties and landraces at early vegetative stage under salt stress conditions: Morpho-physiological and PCA biplot analysis
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Gungor, Huseyin; Cikili, Yakup; Dumlupinar, Ziya
    Salinity limits the oat germination and seedling growth at early growth stages. This study was aimed to determine the morpho-physiological response of 33 (10 commercial and 23 landraces) oat genotypes to four NaCl salinity stresses (0, 30, 60 and 90 mM) under in vitro conditions during seed germination and early seedling stages. The effect of NaCl stress on water uptake, germination ratio, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, ion contents (Na+, K+, Ca and K+/Na+) for both root and shoot and photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Chl b, Chl a + b and carotenoid) in 33 oat genotypes was investigated in the experiment. The investigated traits were decreased by salt stress from control (0 mM) to 90 mM doses including 18% for water uptake, 54.9% for germination rate, 87.5% for root length, 87% for shoot length, 74.5% for root fresh weight, 38.5% for root dry weight, 79.1% for shoot fresh weight, 62.4% for shoot dry weight, 84.5% for root K+/Na+, 97% for shoot K+/Na+, 62.2% for chl a, 51.6% for chl b and 61.7% for carotenoid. It was found that the oat genotypes showed a wide variation in the cluster analysis based on morpho-physiological traits. According to the principal component biplot analysis, principal components (PC1 and PC2) represented (33.9 and 16.4%, respectively) 50.3% of the total variation among the genotypes under salt stress. TL582 landrace showed greater performance for the investigated traits among oat genotypes for the highest salt tolerance. The investigated traits are important growth indices and physiological parameters to be used as selection criteria to evaluate salt tolerance in oat genotypes. The results of the study determined the registered and local genotypes that can be used as parent lines in breeding programs.