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    The Examination of Trait Anxiety Level of Referees in Different Branches (The Sample of Mugla)
    (Int Journal Applied Exercise Physiology, 2020) Onturk, Yavuz; Bingol, Erkan; Efek, Engin; Bayrakdaroglu, Yesim; Gorun, Levent
    The aim of this study to examine the trait anxiety level of referees in different branches in terms of some variables. For the model of the research, the survey model, one of the quantitative research types, was chosen. While the population of the research is composed of referees working in different branches in Mugla Province, the sample is composed of 167 referees who have been chosen by a randomized sampling method and participated in the research voluntarily. The authors designed a personal information form for the demographical information of the participants. The Trait Anxiety Inventory developed by Spielberger, Gorsuch and Luschene (1) (1970) and adapted to Turkish by Oner and Le Compte (2) (1983) was used to determine the participants' anxiety levels. The data obtained from the form and scale used were analyzed using the SPSS 17 package program. Frequency, percentage, average, and standard deviation values were used in the analysis of the data. Data normal distributions were analyzed with Skewness-Kurtosis values. Since the data showed normal distribution, t-test and ANOVA test, which are parametric tests, were used, and the significance level was accepted as p <0.05. According to the findings of the study, while the anxiety levels of the referees showed significant differences in terms of gender, they did not display a significant difference with the variables of age, education level, refereeing time and refereeing classification. Consequently, the trait anxiety levels of female referees are significantly higher in favor of the trait anxiety levels of male referees. This study revealed that anxiety-reducing training should be focused on reducing the trait anxiety situations that female referees experience more than male referees.
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    An Investigation of the Factors Affecting the Participation of the Audience to the Match (The Case of Duzce Province)
    (Int Journal Applied Exercise Physiology, 2020) Gorun, Levent; Semsek, Onder; Aksoy, Emre
    Football's revenues have increased as a result of the distancing from the amateur spirit and becoming an industry. Examining the behaviours and expectations of the audience, which is one of the factors that provide these revenues, has gained importance. In this respect, this research aims to reveal the factors affecting the participation of the spectators who attended Duzcespor matches in 2019-2020 according to some variables. In order to realize this aim, personal information form developed by the researcher and the Audience Participation Decision Scale (APDS) developed by Gencer and Aycan (2008) were applied to a total of 1074 spectators selected by the random method. The scale consists of six subscales: Physical Environment, Opponent Team, Supported Team, Eligibility of the Program, Attraction of the Match and Socialization Opportunity. The normal distribution of the data was checked first and then the Kruskal-Wallis Test was used for comparing the data that did not show normal distribution, and the Maim Whitney U Test was used for comparing three or more groups. According to the results obtained, there is a statistically significant difference in the Opponent Team and Supported Team subscales according to the gender variable, in the Physical Environment, Supported Team and the Eligibility of the Program subscales according to the Combined Ticket Ownership variable, in the Supported Team subscale according to the Marital Status variable, in the Supported Team and Socialization Opportunity subscales according to the Participation in the Away Game variable, and in the Physical Environment subscale according to the Income Level and Education Level variables, all of which affect the participation of the audience in the match. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that there are many factors affecting the participation of the audience and this situation should be investigated in more depth.