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    Optimizing Lumber Drying Schedules For Oriental Beech and Sessile Oak Using Acoustic Emission
    (North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2020) Unsal, Oner; Dundar, Turker; Gorgun, Hizir Volkan; Kaymakci, Alperen; Korkut, Suleyman; As, Nusret
    The aim of this work was to detect sounds providing evidence of the creation of drying defects and to correlate such data with drying quality. A further goal was to establish sound wave thresholds of ideal drying through the drying process by using an acoustic emission (AE) monitoring method. Thus, it is projected to decrease long drying times and also drying costs by reaching to ideal drying schedules. In this study, commercially preferred sessile oak and oriental beech structural lumbers were dried with three different schedules in a conventional kiln. The lumbers were listened to with AE sensors while drying according to the first two schedules, which were called protective and severe, respectively. AE events of the drying experiments were compared with ambient conditions and drying classes according to the standard of European Drying Group. The third drying schedule was optimized based on the AE peaks and applied. The results showed that ideal drying times were reduced up to 19% relative to the protective drying schedule, while obtaining the same drying quality for both species.
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    SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WETTABILITY PERFORMANCE OF THERMALLY MODIFIED ROWAN WOOD AS A FAST-GROWING SPECIES
    (Inst Technol Drewna, 2021) Candan, Zeki; Gorgun, Hizir Volkan; Korkut, Suleyman; Unsal, Oner
    This study aims to examine the effect of the thermal modification process on the surface roughness properties of the wood of rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) as a fast-growing species. Four thermal modification processes were applied, with temperatures of 160 and 180 degrees C and durations of 2 and 4 hours. In total five groups were compared, including the untreated group. Arithmetical mean roughness, maximum height, ten-spot average roughness, and root-mean-square deviation were measured using a stylus-type profilometer, both parallel and perpendicular to the grain, according to the JIS B 0601 standard. Wettability was determined by measuring the contact angle of a droplet of distilled water. After dripping, the camera captured several images to measure the contact angle. The results showed that thermal modification decreases the wettability of the samples. Moreover, increments in temperature and duration may further decrease wettability. On the other hand, there are no significant differences between groups in terms of the surface roughness values, measured both parallel and perpendicular to the grain, except for two groups. It is concluded that these process conditions did not substantially change the surface roughness properties of rowan wood panels. However; the decrease in wettability may provide new possibilities for the use of less-known wood species.