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    Bimetallic nanomaterials for direct alcohol fuel cells
    (Elsevier, 2021) Göksu, Haydar; Bekmezci, M.; Erduran, Vildan; Şen, Fatih
    Nanoscience and nanotechnology have grown tremendously in the 21st century. Fascinating advances in nanostructured materials have been happening more and more. A lot of applications have been made in the areas of health, defense, energy, materials chemistry, and even biology. These studies have been increasing gradually. However, sometimes monometallic materials cannot provide the desired cycle efficiency. Due to this situation, bimetallic nanomaterials have come to the fore. Among various liquid alcohol fuels, methanol is a promising fuel candidate due to its high energy density, ease of use, low operating cost. This fuel candidate is getting more and more attention from researchers. The development of electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is highly valuable, with new-generation catalysts being developed. For this purpose, bimetallic materials and catalysts were synthesized. Bimetallic nanomaterials are nanoparticles containing two different types of metal atoms in a single material; they are considered heterogeneous catalysts. Bimetallic nanoparticles have many reactive functions, especially in organic chemistry. Also, extensive mechanical studies have been performed in applications ranging from sensors to catalysts. Those nanomaterials have superior and unique properties compared to ordinary materials, and therefore they have been used for the improvement of the new catalyst system with increased efficiency, activity, stability, durability, reusability, and selectivity. Sinfelt introduced the term “bimetallic” at the beginning of the 1980s. The superior properties of bimetallic nanomaterials can be explained by their synergistic effects. In this chapter, information about bimetallic nanomaterials is given, as well as about alcohol oxidation of these particles. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Polymer-based nanocatalyts for alcohol fuel cells
    (Elsevier, 2021) İşler, İlyas İlker; Göksu, Haydar; Erduran, Vildan; Işık, İskender; Şen, Fatih
    Today, changes in industrialization and technology in the globalized world are increasing the energy consumption needs of countries throughout the world. The gradual decrease in the fossil fuels that humans use to meet their energy needs, fueled by increasing oil prices and damage to the environment have led the scientific community to search for alternative energy sources. This has led to the discovery and implementation of new energy sources for the first time, as well as a reconsideration of the efficiency of previously known power generation devices, such as fuel cells. In general terms, a fuel cell qualifies as a system in which fuel can be converted directly into energy without any intermediate processing. Over the past several decades, studies on the efficiency of fuel cells have focused on the type of fuel and the catalyst material used. Similarly, in recent research, the effect on the efficiency of fuel cells has been reevaluated for different catalysts, and the factors affecting the performance of fuel cells and fuel cells, including the effects of polymer-containing nanocatalysts that increase efficiency and reduce costs, were discussed. In addition, the potential of environmentally friendly, low-emission, and cost-reducing effects of new-generation fuel cells were investigated. In this chapter, polymer-based nanocatalyts for alcohol fuel cells will be introduced and examined individually, various membrane properties and application methods will be discussed, and the basic principles of the application of these fuel cells will be shown. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.