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    Obesogenic Factors at Home Environment in Terms of Children and the Relationship between Parents and Child Nutritional Habits
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2023) Erdim, Leyla; Ergün, Ayşe
    Aim: It has been shown that the dietary habits of families contribute to childhood obesity. Therefore, it is crucial that the eating behaviors of children and parents are investigated together. The study was conducted to determine the obesogenic factors at home environment for the children and relationship between parents and their children eating habits.Material and methods: The study is a cross-sectional and correlational research conducted with 1235 children studying at two primary and two secondary schools, and their parents between September and December 2018. Study data were collected from the parents using the “Child-Parent Information Form” and “Family Eating Habits Questionnaire”.Results: In the study, it was determined that 13.7% of the children were overweight and 17.6% were obese. According to the parents, “dining in the hall/living room” and “dining while watching TV, reading, working” are the eating habits which both parents and children most frequently demonstrate. The number of salty and sweet snacks in the home environment varies between 0 and 10, and 42.6% of them keep these foods in easily accessible places. Of the children, 47.8% consume sweet and salty snacks without their parents’ permission from time to time. A moderate or low level of positive correlation varies according to the item was found between the eating habits of the mother, father and child (p0.05).Conclusion: The home environment of the families participating in the study is rich in obesogenic foods. Parents and their children have similar eating habits which contribute to obesity. When the eating habits of children and parents are considered together in family-based obesity prevention programs, it will be effective in the development of healthy eating behavior.
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    Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A): A Psychometric Evaluation in a Turkish Sample
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2023) Erdim, Leyla; Ergün, Ayşe; Şişman, Fatma Nevin
    Aim: This study was conducted to explore the psychometric features of the Turkish version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) and its factorial structure.Material and methods:The study was carried out with 750 adolescents (16.35±1.06 years). The Content Validity Index was used in the analysis of the content validity of the questionnaire, and exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were employed in testing construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency reliability coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient were used for testing the reliability. Corrected item total correlations were calculated for item analysis.Results: The content validity index result of Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents was found to be 0.95. For construct validity, firstly, exploratory factor analysis was performed and a two-factor structure was obtained. Later, when the one-factor and two-factor models of Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents were examined with confirmatory factor analysis, the fit coefficients of the one-factor model were better. Factor loadings of single-factor Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents ranged from 0.35 to 0.84. The fit index values were RMSEA=0.085, CFI=0.968, AGFI=0.91 and RMR= 0.05. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.85; test-retest reliability as intraclass correlation coefficient 0.90. Corrected item total correlations were found to be >0.28 for the entire sample.Conclusion: The study showed that the Turkish version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents was a valid and reliable tool to assess the general physical activity levels of Turkish adolescents. The questionnaire could be used to assess the level of physical activity in studies with high school students.