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Öğe Determination of heavy metal levels using Betulapendula Roth. under various soil contamination in Southern Urals, Russia(Springer, 2022) Isinkaralar, K.; Koç, İsmail; Kuzmina, N. A.; Menshchikov, S. L.; Erdem, R.; Arıcak, B.Heavy metals are hazardous to environmental and human health. Metals contained in the solid fraction of emissions are fixed in the soil absorbing complex and tend to bioaccumulate in plants, which can be used both to diagnose the level of contamination of forest biogeocenoses and to study the laws of the processes of absorption of contaminants in the soil-plant system. The research aims to determine the degree of pollution in Betula pendula Roth. from emissions from Combine Magnesite (magnesite ore processing and mining plant activity area in Russia) at 1, 3, 10, and 100 km far from the emission source, which experimental plots created in the 1980s. Soil samples were collected from these sites, and 1- and 2-year-old branches and leaf specimens were collected from B. pendula individuals. The lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and iron (Fe) concentrations in soil and organs of B. pendula by the soil depth, washing, organ type, and organ age were determined. As a result, the variations in element concentrations by organs at all the distances and distances for all the organs were significant (p < 0.05). Metal concentrations were higher in the subsoil and leaf collected from 2-year-old branches. These results were interpreted as the higher values in the leaves of 2-year-old branches exposed to heavy metals in the air for a longer time, and the heavy metal concentrations in the subsoil increased due to the decomposition of these leaves. The movement of heavy metals, such as Pb and Cr, in soil was minimal.Öğe Shifts That May Appear in Climate Classifications in Bursa Due to Global Climate Change(Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 2024) Arıcak, B.; Cantürk, U.; Koç, İ.; Erdem, R.; Şevik, H.Global climate change (GCC) is defined as a process that is considered the most crucial problem of the current century and will affect all living things and ecosystems in the world. In order to specify the potential impacts of this phenomenon, which does not seem possible to stop, it is necessary first to predict the change in climate types. Therefore, the current study aimed to define the shift of climate classifications (according to De Martonne, Erinç, and Emberger climate category) in 2040, 2060, 2080, and 2100 for Bursa, one of the largest cities in Türkiye, according to the SSPs 245 and SSPs585 scenarios, and compare it with its current situation. As a result, it was determined that the climate types in Bursa province would change significantly and primarily manifest as a shift into arid climate types. It is recommended to take precautions on a sectoral basis to avoid the devastating effects of GCC. © 2024 Istanbul University-CerrahpaÅŸa. All rights reserved.Öğe Variation of Magnesium, One of the Macronutrients, in Some Trees Based on Organs and Species(Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 2024) Erdem, R.; Koç, İ.; Çobanoğlu, H.; Şevik, H.Plants’ ability to perform the expected functions depends on their ability to grow and develop healthily. Environmental factors shape plant growth, and nutrients are one of the most main features affecting plant development. Magnesium, one of the macronutrients for plants, is necessary for plant growth and development. It is also one of the essential heavy metals, and it is critical to watch the change in its concentration in the air regarding human and environmental health. This study aimed to reach information about the change of magnesium concentration in some trees based on species and organs as well as its transfer after it is taken into the plant. In addition, it is aimed to observe the variation of magnesium contamination in the air and to determine the species that can be used to reduce pollution. For this purpose, log samples from Cedrus atlantica, Pinus pinaster, Picea orientalis, Cupressus arizonica, and Pseudotsuga menziesii trees were used. As a result, it has been shown that the transfer of magnesium concentration in the wood of the studied species is limited. While the highest magnesium accumulation was obtained in Cupressus arizonica species, the highest concentrations were obtained in the outer bark and the lowest in the inner bark as the plant organ. In addition, it has been determined that the magnesium concentration in the air is related to the traffic density. © 2024 Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa. All rights reserved.
