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    Radiopharmaceuticals Used in Molecular Imaging
    (2021) Ekinci, Meliha; Saatçi, Merve; Gündoğdu, Evren
    Molecular imaging technology can be used for many applications, including drug development, clinical investigations,and diagnostic techniques. Molecular imaging techniques depend upon molecular mechanisms operating in vivo. Thisimaging technique encompasses the visualization, characterization, and measurement of biological processes at themolecular and cellular levels in humans and other living systems. This technology uses the radiopharmaceuticals,intended for human use, which should be sterile, pyrogen-free, safe, and efficacious for specific indications. Nuclearmedicine imaging methods or radionuclide imaging methods include positron emission tomography (PET), singlephoton emission computed tomography (SPECT) and hybrid imaging. Contrast to anatomical imaging, nuclearmedicine techniques can provide physiological imaging and high sensitivity and specificity at sub-millimolar levels.This review aims to definite examples of radiopharmaceuticals which are used in molecular imaging with informationof radiation, radioactivity, and radionuclide production. The radiopharmaceuticals like Technetium-99m (Tc-99m),Thallium-201 (Tl-201), Floro-18 (F-18), Galium-67 (Ga-67), Galium-68 (Ga-68), Iodine-123 (I-123), Iodine-131 (I131), Nitrogen-13 (N-13), Rubidium-82 (Rb-82), Indium-111 (In-11), Oxygen-15 (O-15) and Carbon-11 (C-11)radionuclides are currently used in molecular imaging. In this review, we summarize these radiopharmaceuticals thathave been widely used in clinical trials and elaborate them in terms of their applications in molecular imaging.