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Öğe Adenoid hypertrophy detection inventory in children for primary care physicians and pediatricians(Springer, 2025) Kurt, Fatih; Belada, Abdullah; Oz, Busra; Cangur, Sengul; Kaya, AbdulkadirObjective Adenoid tissue consists of clusters of lymphoid tissue within the nasopharynx and can cause symptoms due to obstruction when hypertrophied. The gold standard for diagnosis is endoscopic nasopharyngoscopy, but it is not always readily available. This study aims to develop an inventory that primary care physicians and pediatricians can use to predict the degree of adenoid hypertrophy clinically, facilitating the planning of patient follow-up and treatment. Study designA diagnostic test study. Settingstertiary referral hospital. Methods The study involved 123 cases, with 82 in the patient group and 41 in the control group. Evaluation encompassed demographic characteristics, history, and physical examination findings. Additionally, a child psychiatrist assessed cases neurocognitively, behaviorally, and psychologically. Finally, cases underwent endoscopic nasopharyngoscopy by an ENT specialist, recording adenoid sizes and choanae narrowing. Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) analysis determined the most suitable model for the clinical inventory. Results Snoring, restless sleep, noisy breathing, recurrent throat infections, and recurrent rhinosinusitis constitute the items of the clinical inventory. The average score of relevant items categorized patients into absent and mild, moderate, and severe groups. The area under the ROC curve for average scores of the inventory was 0.67, significantly surpassing the probability of random assignment (0.17). The inventory's accuracy rate was 70%. Conclusion This user-friendly and highly accurate inventory aids in predicting obstruction degree in patients. Primary care physicians and pediatricians can effectively manage follow-up and treatment, referring cases requiring surgery to an ENT specialist based on the inventory results.Öğe Analysis of HPV Genotypes and Liquid-Based Cervical Cytology: Results from a Tertiary Academic Center in Northwestern Turkey(Natl Inst Infectious Diseases, 2021) Caliskan, Emel; Coskun, Sinem Kantarcioglu; Ozturk, Cihadiye Elif; Cangur, Sengul; Onail, BinnurHigh-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) plays an important role in cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of HPV genotypes in the region and to correlate it with liquid-based-cytology (LBC) and colposcopic biopsy results. Furthermore, the potential relationship between HPV infections and bacterial vaginosis (BV) was investigated. HPV genotypes were determined using real-time PCR. LBC, biopsies, and BV examinations were performed by the Pathology and Cytology. Consecutive cervical specimens of 409 women who underwent both cytology and HPV-DNA tests were included in the study. A total of 172 (42.1%) patients were positive for HPV-DNA; of these, 107 (26.2%) had hrHPV. The most common HPV genotypes were HPV 59, 16, 33, 52, and 51, at 16.6%, 15.9%, 13.4%, 13.4%, and 8.9%, respectively. Epithelial cell abnormality was detected in 11.5% of LBC test results. The genotypes of HPV 33, 56, 66, and 68 were found at a higher rate in patients with epithelial cell abnormalities than in those with no detected abnormalities. Bacterial vaginosis was found in 24 patients (5.9%). HPV-DNA positivity was observed to be statistically higher in patients with BV than in those without BV.Öğe Can the Gut Microbiota Serve as a Guide to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Childhood Epilepsy?(Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Turay, Sevim; Cangur, Sengul; Kahraman, Gozde; Kayabasi, Eda; Cetiner, Omer Faruk; Aydin, Burak; Ozturk, Cihadiye ElifBackground: To investigate the activity of the gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of childhood epilepsy and to define biomarkers capable of assisting with determining new strategies in that context. Methods: Twenty children with epilepsy of unknown etiology and seven healthy controls in the same age group were included in the study. The groups were compared using a questionnaire. Stool samples were stored in tubes containing DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo Research) with a sterile swab. Sequencing was carried out using the MiSeq System (Illumina). The 16S rRNA sequencing of samples using nextgeneration sequencing involved V4 variable region polymerase chain reaction amplification concluded by 2 x 250-bp paired-end sequencing of amplicons and at least 50,000 reads (>Q30) per sample. DNA sequences were classified at the genus level using the Kraken program. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis were then performed.Results: Individuals' gut microbiota relative abundance values differed between the groups at the genus, order, class, family, and phylum levels. Flavihumibacter, Niabella, Anoxybacillus, Brevundimonas, Devosia, and Delftia were seen only in the control group, whereas Megamonas and Coriobacterium were observed only in the epilepsy group. The linear discriminant analysis effect size method identified 33 taxa as important in differentiating the groups. Conclusions: We think that bacterial varieties (such as Megamonas and Coriobacterium) that differ be-tween the two groups can be employed as useful biomarkers in the diagnosis and follow-up of epileptic patients. We also predict that, in addition to epilepsy treatment protocols, the restoration of eubiotic microbiota may increase the success of treatment.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Çocukluk çağında tekrarlayan hışıltı: Bir üçüncü basamak hastane verileri(Yusuf Haydar ERTEKİN, 2018) Engin, Muhammet Mesut Nezir; Temizkan, Ramazan Cahit; Kilicaslan, Onder; Aslantas, Merve; Cangur, Sengul; Kocabay, KenanGiriş: Günümüzde çocuklarda tekrarlayan hışıltılar önemli bir problemdir. Tekrarlayan hışıltı şikayeti olan çocuk hastalarda önlenebilir risk faktörlerinin saptanması önemlidir. Risk faktörlerini sorgulayarak gerekli önerilerde bulunmak, hem tekrarlayan yatışların önüne geçebilir, hem de kalıcı bronş hasarından koruyabilir. Bu araştırmada, tekrarlayan hışıltı şikâyeti ile başvuran çocukların risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu kesitsel tipteki çalışmaya tekrarlayan hışıltısı olan 50 çocuk alındı. Çocukların geçmiş tıbbi hikâyeleri ve sosyodemografik özellikleri araştırıldı.Bulgular: Katılımcıların %60’ı (n=30) erkek, %40’ı (n=20) kadındır. Çocukların yaş ortalaması 49,1±48 (4-192) ay ve doğum kilosu 3227,2 ± 680,6 (1570 - 4190) gramdır. Doğum şekli (p=0,007), anne sütü alma durumu (p<0,001), aşılanma (p<0,001), atopik dermatit (p<0,001), çocuğun bakımı (p=0,003), annenin natal ve postnatal sigara kullanma durumu (p<0,001, p=0,007), ebeveyn ve kardeşlerde astım öyküsü (p<0,001), kırsal-şehir ikameti (p=0,021) ve evin rutubetli olma özellikleri (p=0,002) açısından tekrarlayan hışıltılı çocukların oranlarının anlamlı düzeyde farklı olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: Tekrarlayan hışıltı çocuklarda önemli bir sağlık problemidir. Hastaların tedavilerinde sosyodemografik ve çevresel risk faktörlerini önleyici yaklaşımlar göz önüne alınmalıdır.Öğe Comparison of fast regression algorithms in large datasets(Academic Publication Council, 2023) Cangur, Sengul; Ankarali, HandanThe aim is to compare the performances of fast regression methods, namely dimensional reduction of correlation matrix (DRCM), nonparametric dimensional reduction of correlation matrix (N-DRCM), variance inflation factor (VIF) regression, and robust VIF (R-VIF) regression in the presence of mul-ticollinearity and outliers problems. In all simulation-scenarios, all the target variables were chosen for final models using four methods. The DRCM and N-DRCM are the methods that reach the final model in the shortest time, respectively. The time to reach the final model using R-VIF regression was approxi-mately twice shorter than that of VIF regression. In each method, as the number of variables and the level of outliers increased, the time taken to reach the final model increased. When the level of multicollinear-ity and the number of variables (p > 500) increased, the times to reach the final models using DRCM in datasets with outliers were slightly shorter than the those of N-DRCM. The largest numbers of noise variables were selected to the model using DRCM and N-DRCM, but the least number of them were selected to the model using the R-VIF regression. The RMSE values obtained using DRCM, N-DRCM and VIF regression were similar in each scenario. As a result of the real dataset, the final model selected using R-VIF regression had the highest R-2. It also had the lowest RMSE value among those obtained with other approaches excluding VIF regression. As such, the R-VIF regression method demonstrated a better performance than the others in all datasets.Öğe Comparison of mothers of adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and mothers of healthy adolescents in terms of difficulty in emotion regulation, depression and anxiety levels and clinical variables(Turkish J Pediatrics, 2023) Oz, Busra Olcay; Miniksar, Dilsad Yildiz; Kaban, Seyma Ozge; Cangur, Sengul; Yavuzyilmaz, FatmaBackground. The aim of our study was to evaluate the difficulty in emotion regulation, depression and anxiety levels of mothers with a child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) compared to mothers of the non-T1DM control group.Methods. Our study included 72 adolescents followed up with T1DM and 72 healthy adolescents and their mothers. Psychiatric evaluation of children was performed according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. All mothers were administered the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16) and the Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale (HAD).Results. The most common psychiatric diagnoses in the T1DM group were attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and anxiety disorders. The total and subscale scores of the DERS-16 and HAD scales of the mothers in the T1DM group were significantly higher than the control group. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the DERS-16 total score and the HAD total and subscale scores of the mothers in the T1DM group. In the multivariate model found to be significant (p<0.001), only HbA1c levels an indicator of metabolic control, had significant and negative effects on emotion regulation, anxiety and depression (p<0.05), while sociodemographic characteristics did not have a significant effect (p>0.05)Conclusions. Difficulty in emotion regulation and depression-anxiety levels were found to be higher in mothers of adolescents with T1DM compared to the control group. Difficulties in emotion regulation, depression and anxiety symptoms in the parent may reduce the treatment compliance of the adolescent with T1DM, which may result in worse metabolic control. Therefore, both adolescents and their parents should be evaluated in terms of psychiatric symptoms and necessary guidance should be given.Öğe The eating attitudes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Gulec Balbay, Ege; Yildiz, Pinar; Elverisli, Mehmet Fatih; Cangur, Sengul; Ercelik, MerveAim: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients show multiple physiological deficits and several neuropsychological comorbidities. The aim of this study was to investigate the eating attitudes in OSAS patients. Material and methods: Polysomnography records of 157 were performed. Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were applied to all participants. Results: The mean age of the 157 individuals included in the study was 47.2 +/- 11.4 (18-76) years and 36% (n = 56) of the individuals were female and 64% (n = 101) were male. When the patients were ranked according to the severity of OSAS, 38.2% (n = 60) were severe, 20.4% (n = 32) were moderate, 24.2% (n = 38) were mild, and 17.2% (n = 27) were OSAS negative. There was a significant difference in terms of the age-and-BMI-adjusted EAT score according to OSAS severity (p = .042). There was a significant difference in the age-and-BMI-adjusted value of the EAT according to the presence of OSAS (p = .011). After controlling age and BMI, no significant correlation was found between the EAT and the BDI (r = 0.012, p = .890) in patients with OSAS while there was a significant positive correlation EAT and the BAI (r = 0.177, p = .046). Conclusions: Considering the association of OSAS with psychiatric disorders, the presence of eating disorders (EDs) becomes an important and special topic. Treatment of patients with OSAS should not only aim to improve the patient's sleep apnea, but also to improve the patient's quality of life by evaluating the patient's psychological and physical functions.Öğe Effects of climate and air pollution factors on outpatient visits for eczema: a time series analysis(Springer, 2021) Karagun, Ebru; Yildiz, Pinar; Cangur, SengulEczema resulting from external and internal factors accounts for the biggest global burden of disability owing to skin disease. This study aimed to determine an association between environmental factors and outpatient clinic visits for eczema. We collected data on dermatology clinic outpatient visits for eczema between January 2013 and July 2019. Data concerning environmental factors during this period were collated using national air quality network and air monitoring measurement parameters, namely barometric pressure, relative humidity, air temperature, and air pollutant concentrations, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate matter (PM10). A distributed lag nonlinear model was used to investigate the relationship among eczema, environmental factors, and lagged effects. In total, 27,549 outpatient visits for eczema were recorded. In both single-factor and multiple-factor lag models, the effects of a 10-mu g/m(3)increase in PM(10)and SO(2)values had significantly positive effects on the number of daily outpatient visits over a total 5 days of lag after adjusting for temperature, the number of daily outpatient visits increased with 0.87%, 7.65% and 0.69%, 5.34%, respectively. Relative humidity (RR = 1.3870, 95% CI 1.3117-1.4665) and pressure (RR = 1.0394, 95% CI 1.0071-1.0727) had significantly positive effects on the number of daily outpatients in single-factor lag models. However temperature had a significantly negative effect on them in the number of daily outpatients (RR = 0.9686, 95% CI 0.9556-0.9819). Exposure to air pollution exacerbated eczema. Outpatient visits for eczema were found to have strong positive associations with changes in PM(10)levels.Öğe Evaluation of mass mercury poisoning cases occurring in a center in Turkiye: symptomatology, treatment methods, and follow-up processes(Springer, 2025) Kurt, Fatih; Akcil, Abdullah; Cangur, Sengul; Yildiz, MustafaMercury (Hg) is a toxic heavy metal with extensive applications. In children, mercury exposure often occurs inadvertently through laboratories, thermometers, or fluorescent lamps. Inhalation of elemental mercury can affect the central nervous system and urinary system. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent severe complications. A retrospective evaluation was conducted on 82 pediatric cases of mercury poisoning who presented to Bingol State Hospital on January 15, 2020. Blood and urine mercury levels were measured. Patients with mercury levels > 10 mu g/L received intravenous treatment with 2,3-dimercaptopropane sulfonic acid (DMPS) for 5 days. Plasma and urine mercury levels were analyzed before and after treatment. Adverse effects of treatment and follow-up processes were also examined. Of the patients, 43.9% were female, and 56.1% were male, with a mean age of 9.4 +/- 3.2 years. A total of 42.7% of cases were symptomatic, with headache being the most common symptom (26.8%). Significant reductions in blood and urine mercury levels were observed after treatment (p < 0.001). Adverse effects of the drug were reported in 43.9% of cases, with nausea (50%) and itching (25%) being the most frequent. Conclusion: Chelation therapy was effective in significantly reducing mercury levels in cases of mercury poisoning. Adverse effects must be carefully managed, and long-term follow-up is essential. This study provides significant contributions to the literature on mass mercury poisoning cases.Öğe Exposure of Violence and its Effects on Health Care Workers(Duzce Univ, 2021) Karakas, Tuba Sahip; Gamsizkan, Zerrin; Cangur, SengulObjective: The aim of this study is to examine the frequency of violence that the healthcare workers of Duzce University Research and Practice Hospital encountered, situations that cause violence, post-violence attitude and the effects of violence on the personnel, and to evaluate the relationship between violence and the burnout levels of the healthcare workers. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the physicians and nurses working in different departments at Duzce University Research and Application Hospital, between October 2020 and February 2021. A questionnaire form consisted of 24 questions including demographic information and questions about working conditions and violence and Maslach Burnout Scale consisting of 22 questions were applied to the participants. Results: The frequency of the participants being exposed to violence throughout their professional life was found 74.4%. The most common type of violence was psychological violence (92.7%). Exposure to physical violence was more common among male healthcare workers (22.7%) (p <0.001). It was found that the rate of exposure to violence increased as the time spent in the profession, the average number of duty shifts, and the number of patients examined daily increased (p <0.05). Swearing and insult were the most common types of violence exposed (71.1%). In the comparison of the exposure to violence and sub-dimensions of burnout scale, it was found that Emotional exhaustion and Depersonalization subscale scores of those who were exposed to violence were significantly higher than those who were not (p = 0.005). Conclusions: Violence in the health sector is a serious problem that decreases the motivation of healthcare workers and causes mental, emotional and physical problems. In order to deal with this problem, instead of ignoring the problem, we need to reveal the violence and its destructive effects through more comprehensive studies.Öğe Factors affecting compliance with positive airway pressure therapy in obstructive sleep apnea(Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Ercelik, Merve; Balbay, Ege Gulec; Gulhan, Pinar Yildiz; Cangur, Sengul; Arbak, Peri Meram; Aytekin, Fuat; Elverisli, Mehmet FatihObjective To investigate the factors affecting compliance with positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy and establish the relationship between compliance and pulmonary function tests (PFT) in patients with OSA. Material and methods In this prospective study, patients with OSA using PAP devices were questioned about the complaints related to the device. Depression and anxiety scales along with PFT parameters were also assessed. Results Of 98 participants, 63% were men. The mean age was 52.0 +/- 9.6 years. Sixty-seven percent of the patients were compliant with their devices. A significant difference was observed between the proportion of the participants compliant or non-compliant with the device, based on OSA severity (p < 0.05). Beck depression inventory (BDI) and Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) scores of the compliant patients were significantly lower than those of the non-compliant patients (p < 0.001, p = 0.044, respectively). No statistically significant difference was detected between the groups regarding individual pulmonary function tests (p > 0.05). The rates of nasal mask use, not having difficulty in tolerating CPAP, falling asleep, absence of abdominal distension, no facial sores, no air leakage, patients benefiting from the device, reduction in daytime sleepiness, and the belief that they are receiving appropriate therapy in participants compliant with the device were higher than those in non-compliant participants (p < 0.05). The rates of claustrophobia and discomfort due to pressure were significantly lower in patients compliant with the device than in the non-compliant patients (p < 0.05). Conclusion While no relationship was detected between PFT parameters and PAP therapy compliance, significant factors affecting the device compliance were detected.Öğe Factors Affecting Daily Functioning in Turkish Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea(Mdpi, 2024) Cangur, Sengul; Balbay, Ege Gulec; Weaver, Terri E.Background and Objectives: This study aims to examine the factors affecting the daily functioning of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Materials and Methods: In addition to the polysomnography records of 361 patients, participants completed the Turkish FOSQ-10 (Functional Outcomes of Sleep-10), Medical Outcome Survey Short Form-12, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). First, the psychometrics properties of the Turkish FOSQ-10 were evaluated. Then, factors affecting daily functioning were examined through univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of all participants, 68.7% (n = 248) were male, and the average age was 47.94 +/- 11.08. According to the OSA category, 23% (n = 83) were mild, 22.7% (n = 82) were moderate, 45.2% (n = 163) were severe, and 9.1% (n = 33) were OSA negative. The Turkish FOSQ-10 was found to be a valid and reliable scale through validity and reliability analyses. The moderate and severe OSA patients had different FOSQ-10 Total scores compared to the negative OSA group. Daily functioning was positively associated with overall quality of life while inversely associated with depression, being anxious, and daytime sleepiness in OSA patients. In a multiple regression model, BDI, mental component summary-12, physical component summary-12, and ESS scores were significantly related to the FOSQ-10 Total score in OSA patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The daily functioning of moderate and severe OSA patients was worse than that of the negative OSA group. Depression, quality of life, and daytime sleepiness were simultaneously important variables associated with daily functioning in OSA patients.Öğe Identification of the Gram Positive Bacterial Sepsis Agent with Rapid Genotype Test(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2021) Erdogan, Ziya; Ozturk, Cihadiye Elif; Cangur, Sengul; Caliskan, Emel; Oksuz, Sukru; Karamurat, Zeynep DilaraObjective: An irreversible process begins when a systemic infection causes sepsis. Therefore, rapid identification of the agent bacteria in sepsis and its antibiotic resistance is crucially important. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the efficiency of rapid genotype test in detecting sepsis agent Gram positive bacteria and important antibiotic resistance. Methods: 2132 blood culture samples sent to the laboratory were examined with an automatic blood culture system (BACTEC, BD, USA) between 2018-2019. Blood culture bottles sent to the laboratory were Growing bacteria was identificated by VITEK (bioMerieux, France) automated bacteria identification / antibiotic susceptibility system. In addition, bacterial species and mecA, vanA, vanB, vanC1, vanC2 / C3 genes in blood cultures with Gram positive bacterial growth were also determined by the Genotype (R) BC Gram-positive (Hain Lifesience, Germany) test. Results: 72 patients with gram-positive bacteria growth in two or more blood culture bottles were included in the study. In 44 of the samples (61%) the same bacterial species were detected with conventional method (bacteria culture) and BC Gram positive test. In 28 of the samples (39%) differences were detected between results of methods regarding bacterial species name or vancomycin/methicillin resistance rate. Although single agent was isolated with culture method in all of the samples, multiple agents were detected in eight samples with rapid genotype test. Also, it was found that in mecA positive samples, ciprofloxacin resistance was higher than mecA negative ones. Conclusions: In the study, it was observed that BC Gram positive test could correctly identify sepsis agent bacteria and their resistance genes within 4-5 hours.Öğe Investigation of Microvascular Involvement Through Nailfold Capillaroscopic Examination in Children with Familial Mediterranean Fever(Mdpi, 2025) Kurt, Fatih; Uyar, Belkiz; Erguven, Muferet; Cangur, SengulBackground and Objectives: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a lifelong autoinflammatory disease characterized by episodes of fever and aseptic polyserositis. Commonly associated with vasculitis, FMF's impact on microcirculation was investigated by examining nailfold capillaries using capillaroscopy. Materials and Methods: This study included 32 female and 28 male FMF patients diagnosed according to the Tel Hashomer and Yal & ccedil;& imath;nkaya criteria and a control group of 20 female and 10 male age-matched cases. Demographic characteristics, medical history (abdominal pain, fever, chest pain, and joint pain), and physical examination findings of the cases were assessed. FMF gene mutations, acute-phase reactants, urine analysis, and spot urine protein/creatinine ratios were evaluated. Nailfold capillaries were examined via capillaroscopy by the same dermatology specialist. Results: There was no significant age or gender difference between groups. The most common symptoms in the case group were abdominal pain (81.7%) and joint pain (65%). Pathological findings in capillaroscopy, such as microhemorrhages and avascular areas, were significantly more frequent in the FMF case group (p < 0.001; p < 0.001). Physiological findings, including hairpin-shaped capillaries and shortened loops, were significantly more common in the control group (p = 0.001; p = 0.034). No significant relationships were found between kidney involvement, subclinical inflammation, presence of microhemorrhages and avascular areas in capillaroscopy, and disease duration. Additionally, no significant differences were observed in capillaroscopic findings between those with exon-10 mutations in the MEFV gene and those with non-exon-10 mutations. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study demonstrated secondary microvascular findings due to inflammation in FMF patients using capillaroscopy, a cost-effective and safe tool.Öğe KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA mutation frequency of radical prostatectomy samples and review of the literature(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Bahcivan, Atike; Gamsizkan, Mehmet; Coskun, Sinem Kantarcioglu; Cangur, Sengul; Yuksel, Alpaslan; Ceyhan, Aysegul; Onal, BinnurObjective The molecular basis of prostate cancer is highly heterogeneous. Our study aimed to perform the mutation analysis of KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation of EGFR, HER2, p16, and PTEN to demonstrate new areas for targeted therapies. Methods A total of 24 prostatectomy samples diagnosed with adenocarcinoma were analyzed by microarray hybridization. Also, these samples were IHC stained for EGFR, HER2, P16, and PTEN. The cases were divided into two groups based on low and high Gleason scores. All findings were compared with the clinicopathological parameters of the patients. Results While KRAS mutation was in 3/24 (12.5%) of our cases, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations were not detected. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of KRAS mutation frequency. HER2 was immunohistochemically negative in all samples. There was no correlation between EGFR, P16 immunopositivity, and clinicopathological features. Conclusion KRAS mutation frequency is similar to those in Asian populations. BRAF and PIK3CA mutation frequencies have been reported in the literature in the range of 0-15% and 0-10.4%, respectively, consistent with our study findings. HER2 immunoexpression is a controversial issue in the literature. EGFR and p16 expressions may not correlate with the stage.Öğe Psychometric evaluation of the birth participation scale for fathers (BPS-F): a methodological study(Bmc, 2025) Savas, Hacer Gulen; Karadeniz, Hilal; Cangur, SengulBackgroundThe participation of fathers in childbirth contributes primarily to the improvement of maternal and infant health and, consequently, to public health. To increase the participation of expectant fathers in childbirth, an appropriate screening tool is needed. This study was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Birth Participation Scale developed for expectant fathers.MethodsThe research involved a total of 250 expectant fathers who submitted applications to the Gynecology and Obstetrics Polyclinic of a university hospital. After translating the scale into a methodological and cross-sectional investigation, psychometric properties were evaluated. The validity of the scale was assessed by evaluating the content, construct, and face validity. Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's Omega, Spearman-Brown split-half and test-retest reliability coefficients were calculated to determine the item's reliability.ResultsThe average content validity index (CVI) values for relevance, clarity, and simplicity were found to be 0.99 for each. The impact score of the items was 1.5 and above. A factor structure with 17 items, and 3 sub-dimensions was obtained through Exploratory Factor Analysis. The factor loadings of the items ranged between 0.55 and 0.85. The validity of this structure was assessed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis and the model fit indices were acceptable or good fit. The reliability coefficients for Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's Omega, and Spearman-Brown split half were 0.89, 0.92, and 0.81, respectively. Moreover, the test-retest correlation was 0.96.ConclusionsThe Birth Participation Scale for Fathers has a suitable validity and reliability for assessing fathers' participation in birth. It is a simple reporting tool that healthcare professionals in Turkey can easily implement.Öğe The role of tranexamic acid and cryotherapy on acute postoperative pain and blood loss: a randomized controlled study following total knee arthroplasty(Springernature, 2025) Saglam, Soenmez; Karaduman, Zekeriya Okan; Arican, Mehmet; Yucel, Muecahid Osman; Dalaslan, Rasit Emin; Cangur, Sengul; Uludag, VeyselPurpose Blood loss and pain management are significant concerns in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Tranexamic acid (TA) and cryotherapy have been used separately to address these issues, but their comparative effectiveness is not well studied. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous TA and cryotherapy in reducing blood loss and improving clinical outcomes after TKA. Methods A randomized controlled trial with 76 patients assigned to three groups: Group 1 received pre- and postoperative cryotherapy, Group 2 received intravenous tranexamic acid (TA), and Group 3 (control) received a standard cold pack. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), prothrombin time, international normalized ratio (INR), knee flexion and extension angles, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores were monitored preoperatively and postoperatively at 6, 24, and 48 h. Results The mean age of patients was 65 +/- 7 years. The tranexamic acid group showed significantly lower blood loss compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Knee flexion and extension angles were significantly better in the cryotherapy group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). VAS pain scores were significantly lower in the cryotherapy group at all time points compared to both the tranexamic acid and control groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion Both tranexamic acid and cryotherapy are effective in reducing blood loss and improving clinical outcomes following TKA. Tranexamic acid significantly reduces blood loss, while cryotherapy effectively manages postoperative pain and range of motion. These methods can enhance patient recovery after TKA.Öğe Statistical Properties of Sampling Distributions of Different Test Statistics for Different Measures of Change and a New Test: Simulation Study(Soc Statistics Computer & Applications, 2020) Ankarali, Handan; Cangur, Sengul; Ankarali, SeyitThe aim of this study is to analyse the distribution characteristics of four different test statistics, namely the Mean/Standard Error of Mean (Mean/SEmean), Median/Interquartile Range (Median/IQR), Trimmed Mean/Standard Error of Mean (TrMean/SEmean), and Trimmed Mean/Interquartile Range (TrMean/IQR), which can be used to test two measures of change, namely percent change (PC) and modified symmetrised percent change (MSPC). To ensure the selection of suitable test statistics using the two measures of change, the observed type-I errors and powers of the test statistics have been computed. Results demonstrate that the sampling distributions of the four different test statistics by using PC values exhibit skewness. The Mean/SEmean statistic for the MSPC measure exhibits a two-peak value and platykurtic distribution, while the TrMean/SEmean statistic shows a leptokurtic distribution. The Median/IQR test yields robust and powerful results, especially for large sample sizes. This new statistical measure is referred to as the HS test.
