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    Addictive symptoms of mukbang watching: A qualitative interview study using directed content analysis
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Kircaburun, K.; Calado, F.; Harris, A.; Griffiths, M.D.
    Mukbang watching (i.e., watching eating broadcasts) is an emerging online behaviour that has recently gained popularity. Although, there are a number of positive impacts of recreational mukbang watching (e.g., helping overcome loneliness), for a minority of individuals, excessive mukbang watching may turn into problematic (i.e., addictive) mukbang watching and lead to negative consequences. The present study investigated the addictive symptoms of mukbang watching using a qualitative design. The study attempted to determine the addictive symptoms of mukbang watching through semi-structured interviews with a sample of eight mukbang viewers who frequently watched mukbang. Directed content analysis was used to analyse the data. Nine key themes were explored comprising preoccupation, withdrawal, tolerance, inability to stop, loss of interest, continuing despite problems, deceiving family/friends, relieving negative mood, and risking relationships. Findings of the present study concur with those of previous survey research suggesting that mukbang watching may be another online addictive behaviour that can result in adverse consequences for individuals’ mental, social, and physical health. © 2024 The Authors
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    Development and validation of problematic mukbang watching scale and mukbang watching motives scale: A cross-sectional study with adult mukbang watchers
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023) Kircaburun, K.; Harris, A.; Calado, F.; Griffiths, M.D.
    Growing empirical evidence suggests that an emerging online activity (i.e., mukbang watching) may be associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes. However, a large gap in the psychology of mukbang watching still remains. Based on the extant literature, the present study developed and validated psychometric instruments to assess problematic (e.g., addictive) mukbang watching (PMW) and mukbang watching motivations. An online survey was administered to 604 adults (51% female; Mage=24.29 years; SD=6.25) who were mukbang watchers. Construct validity and convergent validity analyses indicated the Problematic Mukbang Watching Scale (PMWS) comprising three factors (i.e., denial, compulsion, and loss of control) and the Mukbang Watching Motives Scale (MWMS) comprising six factors (i.e., entertainment, sexual reasons, compensation, discovery, groupie reasons, and escape) had robust psychometric properties. Furthermore, PMW was positively associated with sexual, compensation, and escape motives for mukbang watching while controlling for daily time spent watching mukbang, daily number of different mukbang videos watched, and the total number of different mukbangers (i.e., the individuals in the broadcasts) regularly followed. Consequently, the present study contributes to the extant knowledge on the psychology of mukbang watching with two newly developed psychometrically robust assessment tools that can be used in future research. © 2023 The Author(s)
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    Emotion regulation difficulties and problematic mukbang watching: The mediating role of psychological distress and impulsivity
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Kircaburun, K.; Harris, A.; Calado, F.; Griffiths, M.D.
    There is accumulating evidence that mukbang (i.e., eating broadcasts) watching may be another emerging online behaviour that has the potential to become uncontrolled and harmful among a small number of individuals. However, there is still a large gap in the literature regarding the psychological and mental health predictors of problematic mukbang watching. Due to the paucity of research, the present study investigated the emotional and psychological correlates of problematic mukbang watching (PMW) including emotion regulation difficulties (ERDs), impulsivity facets (i.e., negative urgency, positive urgency, sensation seeking, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress). A total of 513 adults (54% female; Mage = 32.05 years, SD = 11.14) who watched mukbang in the past seven days completed a survey including psychometric assessment tools for the aforementioned variables. ERDs were directly and indirectly related to PMW via anxiety and positive urgency. Daily time spent watching mukbang was also moderately positively associated with PMW. Consequently, the present study suggests that individuals with emotional and psychological impairments may use PMW as a maladaptive coping strategy. © 2023 The Authors