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    Assessment of serum oxidative stress parameters in migraine patients
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Ulfer, Gozde; Polat, Burcu; Yabalak, Ahmet; Cakici, Cagri
    Objectives This study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between serum oxidative stress parameters and clinical characteristics of patients with migraine by measuring total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), ischemia- modified albumin (IMA), and thiol/disulfide homeostasis levels. Materials and Methods The study included a total of 152 individuals, of whom 76 were diagnosed with migraine and 76 were controls. Disease duration, attack duration, attack frequency, Visual Analog Scale scores, comorbidities, were recorded in the migraine group. Using the serum samples of the patient and control groups, oxidative stress parameters were analyzed by colorimetric methods and evaluated together with clinical findings. Results In the patient group, the measured total thiol, native thiol, IMA, TOS, and OSI levels were statistically significantly higher than those in the control group (for each group; p < 0.01). The mean TAS level of the patient group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.01). A significant positive correlation was found between the frequency of attacks and the measured IMA levels (r: 0.244; p = 0.034; p < 0.05). Conclusions This study found that TAS levels decreased, while TOS, OSI, and IMA levels increased during the interictal period in patients with migraine. These parameters shifting toward an oxidant balance may indicate that oxidative stress also plays a role in the pathogenesis of migraine. In addition, the significant positive correlation between the frequency of attacks and IMA levels are likely to indicate that secondary ischemic mechanisms may play a role in the pathophysiology of this condition.
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    Evaluation of zonulin levels in patients with migraine
    (Bmc, 2025) Ulfer, Gozde; Polat, Burcu; Yabalak, Ahmet; Cakici, Cagri
    Background Zonulin regulates permeability in blood-brain and intestinal barriers. The pathophysiology of migraine is based on the effect of neurogenic inflammation. The aim of the current investigation was to examine the serum zonulin level in individuals suffering from migraine. Methods The sample comprised 40 individuals who had migraine and 40 controls. Disease duration, attack duration, attack frequency, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, and comorbidities were available for the migraine group. Serum zonulin levels were evaluated by using the ELISA method. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups concerning age or gender (p > 0.05). The zonulin value of patients with migraine was higher when compared to the controls, indicating a significant difference (p = 0.037; p < 0.05). The zonulin level did not correlate with disease duration, attack duration, VAS score, or attack frequency (p > 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of zonulin revealed a cut-off value of 30.58 and above, at which it had 52.50% sensitivity, 77.5% specificity, 70% positive predictive value, and 62% a negative predictive value. The area under the curve was 63.6%, and the standard error value was 6.3%. The analysis also showed a statistically significant correlation between migraine diagnosis and a zonulin level of 30.58 (p = 0.006; p < 0.01). Conclusions Elevated zonulin levels in patients with migraine support the disruption of the intestinal barrier and neuroinflammation in these patients. The zonulin level may be a predictive biomarker of migraine. Multicenter, randomized trials are needed to evaluate treatments for intestinal permeability and zonulin levels in migraine patients.