Yazar "Baysal, Ismail" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Biological Control Potential of Steinernema carpocapsae (Steinernematidae) on Monochamus galloprovincialis (Cerambycidae) Populations in Pine Logs
    (Kastamonu Univ, 2023) Gulcu, Baris; Baysal, Ismail; Akbulut, Suleyman
    Aim of study: Pine wilt disease (PWD) is a serious threat to the susceptible pine forests. It is caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) (Steiner and Buhrer 1934), Nickle 1970 and transmitted by Monochamus Dejean beetles. In the recent study, we assessed the effects of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) against Monochamus galloprovincialis larvae in Anatolian black pine and Scots pine logs. Area of the study: The experiments were conducted in Duzce University, Faculty of Forestry and in a pine forest at Duzce University campus area. Material and methods: The mean number of eggs per pine logs, and the productivity of S. carpocapsae in M. galloprovincialis larvae were compared under laboratory conditions. The nematode experiments were conducted using oviposited pine logs in the field. Main results: The females of M. galloprovincialis oviposited more eggs on Scots pine compared to black pine logs. Both in black pine and in Scots pine, the survival rates of M. galloprovincialis after nematode application was significantly lower than control. Highlihts: As a result of the study, S. carpocapsae can be an efficient biological control agent of this wood-boring insect.
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    The Determination of Harmful Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera Species in Forest Nurseries in the Western Black Sea Region of Türkiye
    (Kastamonu Univ, 2024) Ozturk, Nuray; Yuksel, Besir; Baysal, Ismail; Akbulut, Suleyman
    Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the harmful Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera species in some forest nurseries between 2021 and 2022. Area of study: The study areas were selected from forest nurseries located in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkiye. Material and methods: Visual inspections were performed on plants, then larvae and gall samples were collected by hand and photographed on host plants. Gall wasps were reared with the galls and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Collected caterpillars and sawfly larvae samples were placed with the host plant in an insect rearing cage for adult emergence under constant conditions. The oak gall wasp was also identified by molecular methods. Main results: In this study, four species of Hymenoptera and six species of Lepidoptera were determined. These are Dryocosmus kuriphilus, Diprion pini, Craesus septentrionalis, Hyphantria cunea, Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Calliteara pudibunda, Dioryctria simplicella, Phalera bucephala and Acronicta rumicis. The oak gall wasp was identified as Cynips quercusfolii with 97.87% identity. Research highlights: Amog these species, C. septentrionalis was new record for the insect fauna of the Western Black Sea Region. In addition, C. pudibunda and P. bucephala were reported for the first time from Kastamonu province.
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    The distribution of pine mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. austriacum) in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests: from stand to tree level
    (Taylor & Francis As, 2020) Bilgili, Ertugrul; Coskuner, Kadir Alperen; Baysal, Ismail; Ozturk, Murat; Usta, Yetkin; Eroglu, Mahmut; Norton, David
    This paper reports and discusses the distribution of pine mistletoe in scots pine forests at stand and tree level in relation to some site, stand, and tree characteristics. Population characteristics (age, number and biomass) and distribution of pine mistletoe in the canopy of scots pine trees were also evaluated. A total of 1408 trees were measured in 114 representative sample plots in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Of the measured trees, 648 (46%) were mistletoe infected and 760 (54%) were uninfected. The 6-class dwarf mistletoe rating system (DMRS) was used for infection severity rating. Correlation analysis results indicated significant relationships between mistletoe infection severity and stand and tree characteristics. The t-test results showed that there was a significant difference between mean stand and tree characteristics in mistletoe infected and uninfected stands. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis indicated that altitude and stand volume were the most significant predictor of the distribution of pine mistletoe at stand level. As for the population characteristics of pine mistletoe, the results indicated that the life span of pine mistletoe was about 24 years and that biomass distribution gradually increased from lower to upper part of the crowns.
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    Remote sensing and GIS-based inventory and analysis of the unprecedented 2021 forest fires in Türkiye's history
    (Springer, 2024) Eker, Remzi; Cinar, Tunahan; Baysal, Ismail; Aydin, Abdurrahim
    In the summer of 2021, T & uuml;rkiye experienced unprecedented forest fire events. Throughout that fire season, a total of 291 fire incidents, covering an area of 202,361 hectares, dominated the public agenda. This study aimed to document and analyze the 30 large fires (affecting over 100 hectares) of 2021 using remote sensing and GIS techniques. A comprehensive fire database was established, encompassing information on burned areas, fire severity, and fuel types, determined from forest-stand types and topographical properties including slope, elevation, and aspect (in eight directions). Sentinel-2 satellite images were utilized to calculate dNBR values for assessing fire severity, analyzed in the Google Earth Engine platform. Three GIS-integrated Python scripts were developed to construct the fire database. In total, 164,658 hectares were affected by these large fires, occurring solely in three regions of T & uuml;rkiye: the Mediterranean, Aegean, and Eastern Anatolian. The majority of the burned area was situated in the Mediterranean region (59%), with only 3% in Eastern Anatolia. The burned areas ranged from a minimum of 150 hectares to a maximum of 58,798 hectares. Additionally, 679 hectares of residential areas and 22,601 hectares of agricultural land were impacted by the fire events. For each fire, 21 fuel types and their distribution were determined. The most prevalent fire-prone class, Pure Turkish pine species (Pr-& Ccedil;z), accounted for 59.56% of the total affected area (99,516 hectares). Another significant fire-prone pine species, the Pure Black pine species (Pr-& Ccedil;k), covered 7.67% (12,811 hectares) of the affected area. Fuel types were evaluated by considering both forest-stand development stages and canopy closure. Regarding forest-stand development stages, the largest area percentage burned belonged to the Mature class (26.48%).
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    Some physiological and biochemical changes In oak trees after fire
    (Univ Federal Lavras-Ufla, 2023) Kabaoglu, Ali; Kulac, Semsettin; Baysal, Ismail; Ozbayram, Ali Kemal; Akbulut, Suleyman; Ozturk, Nuray
    Background: Forest fires are considered integral parts of many forest ecosystems despite being a disaster influencing the forest ecosystem dynamics significantly. A fire that occurred within the borders of Duzce-Konuralp State Forest Enterprise affected 16 ha of oak forest. The present study aimed to investigate the physiological and biochemical changes in two oak species (Quercus pubescens and Q. cerris) at post-fire period. For this purpose, seasonal shoot and leaf samples were collected from 15 trees (5 trees from high and low fire intensity and control groups) for each oak species. The samples were subjected to xylem, water potential, and stomatal conductivity analysis in the field and carbohydrate concentration and proline analyses in the laboratory. Results: It was found that leaf surface area decreased, and the root-leaf water connection was broken depending on the intensity of the fire. As the fire severity increased, water potential and stomatal conductivity of trees increased; proline and carbohydrate concentration amounts decreased. Q. pubescens had lower water potential and stomatal conductivity than Q. cerris but higher proline and carbohydrate concentration amounts. Conclusion: Q. pubescens was more resistant to drought stress during the post-fire season than Q. cerris from the aspect of physiological and biochemical characteristics.
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    Vertical Crown Fuel Distributions in Natural Calabrian Pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) Stands
    (Zagreb Univ, Fac Forestry, 2021) Baysal, Ismail
    Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) is the most widely distributed coniferous species in Turkey. Forests mostly composed of Calabrian pine constitute the most flammable forests in fire sensitive regions of the country. Especially, regenerated and immature stands of this species have the most fire-prone fuel type. This study evaluates the results of vertical crown fuel distribution and develops some crown fuel models to explain canopy fuel characteristics in natural Calabrian pine stands. A total of 35 trees were cut down and crown fuels were determined vertically. The highest crown fuel load was generally situated in the middle part of tree crown. The percentage of needles in each crown section increased gradually from the beginning of lower parts to the upper parts of tree crowns for three stand types. Total crown fuel loads were determined as 5.66 kg for regenerated stands, 11.57 kg for immature stands and 17.44 kg for middle age stands, respectively. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between needles, branches, available fuels, total crown fuels and tree properties. The results of crown fuel distribution and the allometric equations developed in this study can be used to predict vertical fuel load at any height from ground to the top of Calabrian pine stands. The results of this study will contribute to the verification and evaluation of fuel load prediction models in use, and enhance the understanding of crown fire behavior mechanism in forest fires.