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    Anticancer activity of curcumin-loaded nanocarriers: A focus on combined therapeutic modalities
    (Elsevier B.V., 2025) Senturk, Fatih; Yasar, Huriye; Bahadir, Anzel; Çakmak, Soner
    Curcumin (CUR) is a polyphenolic compound known for its various therapeutic effects, including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anticancer activities. Researchers have elucidated several molecular and cellular pathways through which CUR exhibits potent anticancer activity, rendering it a promising candidate for cancer therapy. The activity of CUR is attributed to three reactive functional groups: the diketone moiety and two phenolic groups. Particularly, the presence of hydroxyl (OH) groups in the phenolic ring is responsible for CUR's anticancer effects. However, the therapeutic efficacy of CUR is restricted by its hydrophobic nature, rapid degradation with a short half-life, and low bioavailability. To address these challenges, researchers have developed nano-based drug carrier systems, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, and micelles, to encapsulate and deliver CUR effectively. These nanocarriers can be customized in size, chemical composition, surface charge, and functionalization to enable targeted delivery to specific sites. Also, the surface functionalities of nanocarriers can be tailored to specific targets, such as overexpressed receptors on cancer cells, leading to improved cellular uptake and therapeutic outcomes of CUR. Furthermore, integrating CUR-loaded nanocarriers with other therapeutic modalities, such as chemotherapy (CUR and chemotherapeutic agents coloaded), magnetic nanohyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, and nanocarrier-based ultrasound therapy, holds promise for enhancing treatment efficacy. This chapter provides an extensive overview of the molecular pathways and underlying mechanisms responsible for the substantial anticancer activity of CUR. In addition, it highlights the utilization of CUR-loaded nanocarriers in combination with other therapeutic modalities to achieve enhanced efficacy in cancer therapy. The combination of CUR with other modalities has demonstrated promising results in preclinical studies, indicating the potential for a synergistic effect. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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    Investigation of the effects of Toxoplasma gondii on behavioral and molecular mechanism in bradyzoite stage
    (Elsevier, 2024) Akcay, Guven; Bahadir, Anzel; Tatar, Yakup; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Babur, Cahit; Ozkan, Aysegul Taylan
    Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled parasite that causes a disease called toxoplasmosis. It can reach the central nervous system, but the mechanism of T. gondii disrupting the functioning of these brain regions occurs in bradyzoite stage of parasite, causing brain damage by forming tissue cysts in brain. In our study, the effects of T. gondii on locomotor activity, anxiety, learning and memory, and norepinephrine (NE), levodopa (L -DOPA), dopamine (DA) and 3,4-D-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) catecholamines in amygdala, striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus regions of the brain were investigated in bradyzoite stage. Twenty male Albino mice Mus musculus, 4-5 weeks old, weighing 20-25 g, were used. T. gondii inoculated to mice intraperitonealy with 48-50-hour passages of T. gondii RH Ankara strain. For intraperitoneal inoculation of mice 5x104 tachyzoites per mouse. No inoculation was made in control group (n: 20). Locomotor activity behavior in open field test (OFT), anxious behavior in elevated plus maze (EPM), and learning behavior in novel object recognition (NOR) tests were evaluated. NE, L -DOPA, DA and DOPAC were measured by HPLC in brain tissues of amygdala, striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. A decrease was observed in the locomotor activity, anxiety and learning values of the T. gondii group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The heighten in NE and L -DOPA levels in amygdala tissue of T. gondii group compared to control group, an elevation in NE, L -DOPA, DA and DOPAC levels in striatum tissue, and an increase in levels of NE in prefrontal cortex tissue were detected in monoamine results. In hippocampus tissue, an increase was observed in DA levels, while a decrease was observed in NE, L -DOPA and DOPAC levels. In our study, it has been shown that T. gondii in bradyzoite stage reduces locomotor activity, causes learning and memory impairment, and has anxiogenic effects.
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    Magnetic field effect on breaking tuber dormancy, early sprouting, seedling growth, and tuber formation in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
    (Science Society Thailand, 2020) Bahadir, Anzel; Sahin, Nilufer Kocak; Beyaz, Ramazan; Yildiz, Mustafa
    Magnetic field (MF) treatment improves the germination of seeds and enhances the performance of various crops. In this study, the effects of different MF strengths (0-control, 75, 150, and 300 mT) and exposure time periods (0-control, 24, 48, and 72 h) on sprouting of dormant seed potato tubers, vegetative growth (emergence time and plant height), tuber formation (tuber number per plant and mean tuber weight), and total chlorophyll content in 2 potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars ('Necta' and 'Banba') were investigated in all parameters examined in both cultivars, the worst results were recorded in control treatment where no MF strength was used. Emergence times of sprouts were reduced significantly when seed potato tubers were exposed to 150 mT MF strength for 72 h in both cultivars. The fastest emergence times were recorded as 14.0 days in cv. 'Nectar' and 17.0 days in cv. 'Banba' when seed tubers were exposed to 150 mT MF strength for 72 h. In control treatment, emergence time of sprouts was noted as 31.8 days in cv. 'Nectar' and 39.5 days in cv. 'Banba'. The best results in other parameters (plant height, total chlorophyll content, tuber number per plant and mean tuber weight) were again obtained from seed tubers treated with 150 mT MF strength for 72 h whereas the worst results were noted in control treatment in both cultivars. Thus, MF pre-treatment can compensate for the negative effects of dormancy in seed potato tubers.