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    Exploring reverse supply chain management practices in Turkey
    (Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2010) Erol, İsmail; Velioğlu, Meltem Nurtanış; Şerifoğlu, Funda Sivrikaya; Büyüközkan, Gülçin; Aras, Necati; Çakar, Nigar Demircan; Korugan, Aybek
    Purpose This paper aims to examine the current state of reverse supply chain management (RSCM) initiatives in several Turkish industries. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on an exploratory research regarding RSCM activities of Turkish automotive, white goods, electric/electronics, and furniture industries. The sample consists of all the companies included in the Top-500 Industrial Enterprises List of The Assembly of the Istanbul Chamber of Industry (ISO). Findings The research findings show that the RSCM initiatives in the considered industries are still in a very early stage. Companies' involvement in product returns is mostly due to the legislative liabilities, and system inadequacies are emphasized as the most important reason for not being able to implement an efficient RSCM. Research implications/limitations This paper investigates the reverse supply chain practices of selected industries in Turkey and aims to enable researchers to use this study as a building block in understanding these practices and related problems. The limitation of this study is to solely include the medium and large-sized companies in the industries. Practical implications Reverse supply chain operations contribute to the economic sustainability by reducing waste and saving energy and material. In this research, an empirical study in the electronics, white goods, automotive and furniture industries is conducted, and potential research opportunities are discussed to streamline reverse supply chain activities in the industries. Hence, this study can be viewed as an attempt to increase the level of awareness on reverse supply chain issues. Originality/value No field study has been conducted to analyze reverse supply chain activities of the industries in Turkey. This research is a pioneering study and will provide a benchmark for the various research activities on related topics.
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    Locating recycling facilities for IT-based electronic waste in Turkey
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2015) Aras, Necati; Korugan, Aybek; Büyüközkan, Gülçin; Şerifoğlu, Funda Sivrikaya; Erol, İsmail; Velioğlu, Meltem Nurtanış
    Turkey passed a directive on waste electric and electronic equipments in May 2012, which has been in effect since May 2013. This directive, like its counterparts in other countries such as the one in the European Union, holds producers and distributors responsible for the collection and recovery of a wide variety of end-of-use or end-of-life electronic products discarded by the consumers. The collection and recovery activities have to be planned and carried out with the help of municipalities. The success of this directive lies in the establishment of an efficient reverse logistics network design for the collection and recovery operations. An important component of this initiative is to determine the locations and capacities of recycling facilities that will handle the returned products with the objective of minimizing the total cost of opening facilities, operating them, and transporting the discarded products from their collection points to the facilities. We develop a multi-period capacitated facility location-allocation model that is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program. Since there is uncertainty in the number of used products that will be collected from the consumers, we generate a set of scenarios and try to obtain a solution with the objective of minimizing the maximum regret associated with the occurrence of different scenarios. The developed mathematical programming model is solved using estimates of discarded personal computers, inkjet and laserjet printers in 15 major cities of Turkey during the period 2013-2018. These estimates are based on real data that consist of scrapped items of these three types of products from 2007 to 2012. The results indicate that the best locations for opening recycling facilities are the largest three cities-of Turkey, i.e., Ankara, Istanbul, and Izmir. We perform additional experiments to quantify the benefit of constructing a multi-period model rather than a static one. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.