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    Experimental and numerical assessment of the rotary bed reactor for fuel-processing and evaluation of produced oil usability as fuel substitute
    (Elsevier, 2022) Gad, Mohammed Sayed; Ağbulut, Ümit; El-Shafay, A. S.; Panchal, Hitesh; Emara, Kareem; Al-Mdallal, Qasem M.; Afzal, Asif
    In current work, waste tires recycling using pyrolysis was performed inside a rotary bed reactor without oxygen-producing oil, black carbon, and synthetic gas. In that respect, CFD analysis was applied using ANSYS software to design the reactor and test its material resistance to the temperature rise. Thermal and mechanical stresses were evaluated to find an acceptable reactor design. Pyrolysis of tires to oil was performed at a temperature of 420 degrees C. Tire and diesel oils blends of 5, 10, and 20% volume percentages were prepared for experimentation. Tire oil blends properties were close to crude diesel. Characteristics of combustion, performance and emissions of diesel engines that used tire oil blends were investigated compared to crude diesel. The thermal efficiency maximum decrease of TO20 was 21% in comparison to pure diesel. The maximum increases in CO, smoke, and HC emissions of TO20 were 35, 20, and 25% compared to diesel fuel, respectively. The highest decline in NOx emission of TO20 was 19% related to crude diesel fuel. Oil blends achieved the higher peak cylinder pressures about diesel fuel. In conclusion, lower volume percentages of up to 20% of tire and diesel oil blends are recommended to be used without any engine modifications.