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    Exploring Cyber Hygiene for IT Professionals: Behavioral Insights from Remote and Hybrid Work Environments
    (Palgrave Macmillan Ltd, 2026) Karayel, Tugce; Akbiyik, Adem
    The rapid evolution of cyber threats necessitates a reevaluation of cybersecurity practices, particularly in the context of remote and hybrid work environments. This study examines the cyber hygiene of IT professionals operating in remote and hybrid settings, addressing a significant gap in understanding how work modalities influence security practices. Drawing upon Protection Motivation Theory, Theory of Reasoned Action, and Habit Theory, this research investigates the factors affecting cyber hygiene among IT professionals. Results reveal that perceived severity, response cost, response efficacy, self-efficacy, and security habits significantly influence cyber hygiene. The influence of these factors exhibits significant variation between remote and hybrid work environments. Security habits significantly affect the cyber hygiene of remote employees but not hybrid employees, while attitudes towards information security policies influence hybrid workers but not remote workers. These findings underscore the importance of tailoring cybersecurity strategies to specific work arrangements, as the factors influencing cyber hygiene differ substantially between remote and hybrid work environments. The findings highlight the need for nuanced approaches to cyber hygiene promotion, with a focus on cultivating security habits among remote workers and reinforcing policy adherence for hybrid employees.
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    Human factors in remote work: examining cyber hygiene practices
    (Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2024) Karayel, Tugce; Aktas, Bahadir; Akbiyik, Adem
    PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the cyber hygiene practices of remote workers.Design/methodology/approachThis paper used two instruments: first, the Cyber Hygiene Inventory scale, which measures users' information and computer security behaviors; second, the Recsem Inventory, developed within this paper's context, to evaluate the cybersecurity measures adopted by organizations for remote workers. It was conducted on remote workers to examine their information security practices. The instrument was administered to a sample of 442 employees reached via the LinkedIn platform. Analyses were performed with SPSS v26, Python programming language and Seaborn library.FindingsThe findings indicate a significant correlation between the security measures implemented by companies and their employees' cyber hygiene practices. A sector comparison revealed a significant difference in cyber hygiene levels between public and private sector workers.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper aims to provide policymakers with suggestions for enhancing the cyber hygiene of remote workers to facilitate compliance with corporate security protocols.Originality/valueThis paper's conclusions highlight the importance of companies increasing their cybersecurity investments as remote work becomes more prevalent. This should consider not only corporate-level factors but also employees' information and computer security behaviors.