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    Antifungal properties of some plant extracts used as wood preservatives
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2013) Taşçıoğlu, Cihat; Yalçın, Mesut; Şen, Selim; Akçay, Çaglar
    This study evaluated antifungal resistance of some commercial and environmentally friendly plant extracts. Four different concentrations of mimosa (Acacia mollissima), quebracho (Schinopsis lorentzii) and pine (Pinus brutia) bark extracts known with their high condense tannin amounts were used to impregnate Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L), beech (Fagus orientalis L.) and poplar (Populus tremula) wood specimens. Extract treated wood specimens were tested against two types of white rot fungi (Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus) and two types of brown rot fungi (Fomitopsis palustris and Gloeophyllum trabeum) for 16 weeks. The lowest mass loss rates were recorded for mimosa and quebracho extract treated wood blocks at the 9% and 12% concentration levels against both white and brown rot fungi. Pine bark extract, on the other hand, seemed to be ineffective against all fungi species tested even at the highest concentration level (12%). The current study suggests that commercial mimosa and quebracho extracts can be utilized as alternative wood preservative chemicals against common wood decay fungi in indoor applications. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Determination of Decay, Larvae Resistance, Water Uptake, Color, and Hardness Properties of Wood Impregnated with Honeybee Wax
    (North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2020) Akçay, Çaglar
    The aim of the study was to determine the effect of honeybee wax impregnation on the antifungal, larvicidal, water uptake, color, and mechanical properties of wood. Wood samples (poplar, Scots pine, beech, and lime) were impregnated with melted honeybee wax under vacuum. The wax-impregnated samples were exposed to the wood-decay fungi Trametes versicolor and Neolentinus lepideus for 8 weeks. The larvicidal effect of the beeswax was tested against European old house borer (Hylotrupes bajulus L.). Water uptake, color measurements, and surface hardness were also tested. According to the obtained findings, a 34.6% mass loss was seen in the poplar control wood, and only 3.9% mass loss was found in the 100% beeswax-impregnated samples. The results showed that H. bajulus larvae could digest honeybee wax with wood when beeswax surface treatment was applied. Additionally, an average of 30% larvae mortality rate was achieved on beeswax-treated wood surfaces, compared to a 2.5% rate on the controls. However, when wood was deeply treated with beeswax, larval mortality reached 100%. In the water uptake test, beeswax-treated samples showed water repellent efficiency. The lowest water uptake (24.2%) was obtained in poplar wood treated with 100% beeswax, compared to 92.6% in the poplar control in 96 h immersion time. With the beeswax treatment, a* and b* color values increased, while the L* values decreased.
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    Identification of wood-decay fungi and assessment of damage in log depots of Western Black Sea Region (Turkey)
    (Wiley, 2019) Yalçın, Mesut; Doğan, Hasan Hüseyin; Akçay, Çaglar
    The aim of this study was to determine and quantify the wood-decay fungi found on logs of forest tree species (beech, oak, hornbeam, Scots pine and fir) stored in log depots located in six different provinces in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Additionally, it was aimed to determine the natural durability of some important wood species against the most commonly detected wood-decay fungi. Eighteen families, 31 genera and 45 species belonging to the division Basidiomycota were detected; Antrodia crassa was identified for the first time in Turkey. The abundance of Panus neostrigosus, Polyporus meridionalis, Trametes hirsuta, T.versicolor and Stereum hirsutumincreased significantly with the holding time of the logs (r=0.99, 0.87, 0.53, 0.57 and 0.78, respectively, p<0.05). The majority of the fungal species were detected on logs stored in depots for 4-6years (66%). The percentage of fungal species found on the logs with a holding time of three years or less was 29%, whereas the percentage for those detected on logs stored for seven or more years was 31%. Among the wood species, the greatest number of fungal species (29) and highest amount of fungi (2,539) occurred on beech wood. Natural durability tests showed that T.versicolor caused the greatest loss of wood mass, with an average of 23%. Field studies and natural durability tests performed in the laboratory showed that beech wood lost the most mass among the timber species studied.