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    Annual variation of the Orosanga japonica Melichar 1898 (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae) populations in the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey and possible molecular separation with based on 28S rDNA sequences from other Ricaniidae groups
    (2019) Akıner, M. Mustafa; Berıs, Fatih S.; Seyis, Fatih; Öztürk, Murat; Sevgili, Hasan; Demir, Emine
    Orosanga japonica (Melichar, 1898) is one of the invasive species that are distributed in theeastern Black Sea coastal zone. The aim of the study was to determine the annual variation ofthe populations and solve the taxonomic problem in Turkey of the species with different tools.For this purpose, the specimens were collected from 14 different locations along the easternBlack Sea coastal zone of Artvin, Rize, Trabzon for investigating annual variation and from 15different locations for achieving molecular separation. Population counts were performed fromMay to September during two years (2014-2015). Populations were found generally in nymphalstage in May and adult densities were very low in 2014. On the contrary, adult individualscould not be counted in May 2015. Adult population peak was seen in July and August in 2014and August and September in 2015. Based on 28S region DNA sequences, 6 haplotypes werefound. Two main branches were determined in the dendrogram generated by using 28S rDNAsequence. Molecular data showed that our samples belonged to the main branch together withsome Ricaniidae and Flatidae GenBank samples but in one different line. Ricania simulansGenBank sample situated second branch. The samples collected in the eastern Black Sea regionof Turkey were found to be O. japonica according to the detailed morphological examinationsand molecular results showed that can be separated from other Ricaniidae samples.
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    Quantifying the effect of pine mistletoe on the growth of Scots pine
    (Wiley, 2018) Bilgili, Ertuğrul; Öztürk, Murat; Coşkuner, Kadir Alperen; Baysal, İsmail; Serdar, Bedri; Yavuz, Hakkı; Usta, Yetkin
    Mistletoe infection results in substantial growth losses in mistletoe-infected forests. This study reports and evaluates the results of retrospective analyses of radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in relation to the level of infection of pine mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. austriacum). A total of 43 Scots pine trees were destructively sampled from different sites. Of these trees, 14 were uninfected and 29 were infected. Infection classes were determined using six-class dwarf mistletoe rating system (DMRS). All needle and mistletoe biomass were removed completely and weighed for each sampled tree. Subsamples from needles and all mistletoe biomass were taken to the laboratory for oven-dried weight determinations. Five-cm-thick wood discs were cut from the stem at the breast height (1.3m) to determine annual basal area increment for the last 25years. In addition to DMRS, new infection classes were created using mistletoe-to-needle biomass (MB/NB) ratio. The results showed that the radial growth losses could be as much as 41% to 64% at different infection levels. The rate of growth loss in relation to DMRS and MB/NB ratio was similar, but with a larger variability in DMRS values. The results showed that both DMRS rating and MB/NB ratio seem to be important for quantifying growth loss on Scots pine trees infected with mistletoe. The results of this study can also be invaluable in modelling the effects of mistletoe on the growth of Scots pine trees.