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    Bilateral Arteria Carotis Communis Ligasyonu Sonrası Arteria Basilaris’te Gözüken Morfohistopatolojik Değişikliklere Cinsiyetin Etkisi: Deneysel Çalışma
    (Tıbbi Kayıtlar Derneği, 2020) Öztürk, Cengiz; Nalcı, Kemal Alp; Ceylan, Onur; Malkoç, İsmail; Aydin, Mehmet
    incelmesi, uzama, kıvrılma, vasküler remodelizasyon ve anevrizmalara sebep olabilir. Biz cinsiyetin bilateral arteria carotis communisligasyonu sonucu oluşan histomorfolojik değişikliklerin derecesine olan etkisini araştırdık.Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışma 7 dişi ve 7 erkek tavşan üzerinde yapılmıştır. Hem erkek hem de dişi tavşanlardan ikisi kontrol, diğerleriysedeney grubu olarak kullanıldı. Arteria carotis communis bifurkasyonunun hemen proksimalinden uygulanan kalıcı ligasyon, steno-oklüzivkarotis arter hastalığını tekrarlamak için yapıldı. Hayvanlar üzerinde yapılan bu çalışmanın 3. haftasında baziler arter hacmi stereolojikyöntemlerle ölçüldü. Sonuçlar Mann-Whitney U testi ile karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Baziler arterlerde büyük oranda luminal genişleme, duvar incelmesi, uzaması, kıvrılması ve doligoektatik kümelenme tespit edildi.Baziler arterlerin ortalama hacmi erkek kontrol grubu tavşanlarında 3,65 ± 0,35 mm3, erkek deney tavşanlarında ise 4.96 ± 0.99 mm3 olarakdeğerlendirildi. Baziler arterlerin ortalama hacim değerleri dişi kontrol grubu tavşanlarında 3,97 ± 0,40 mm3, dişi deney tavşanlarında ise6,32 ± 1,13 mm3 olduğu tespit edildi. Baziler arter genişlemesi dişi tavşanlarda erkeklerden gözle görülür derecede belirgindi (p<0.01).Sonuç: Bilateral arteria carotis communis ligasyonu, dişi tavşanlarda erkek tavşanlara göre daha belirgin luminal genişleme, duvarincelmesi, uzama, kıvrılma ve anevrizmalara sebep oluyor.
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    Investigation of the relationship between laterality and vertebral arteries in rabbits
    (2021) Öztürk, Cengiz; Kayabekir, Murat; Duman, Aslıhan Alpaslan; Aydın, Muhammed Enes; Malkoç, İsmail; Aydın, Mehmet
    Cerebral dominancy is well known on laterality; however, histological analysis of vertebral artery dominance has not been adequately studied. It was aimed to investigate the relationship between the dominant vertebral artery and hand preference. In this study, which fifteen male rabbits were examined, paw preference was evaluated with a food-reaching test. Vertebral artery samples just entering to the cranium were obtained from right- and left-pawed rabbits to evaluate luminal surface values histologically. Handedness preferences and vertebral arteries lumen surface values were compared statistically using the Mann–Whitney U test. As a result of the measurements made, the vertebral artery on the side with a larger diameter was accepted as dominant. The larger lumen surface values were found in the left vertebral artery than in the right vertebral artery in right-handed rabbits and vice versa. The mean lumen surface values of the left/right vertebral arteries were 0.395±0.068 / 0.305±0.034 mm2 in the rightpawed animals (p<0.0001); 0.298±0.032 / 0,364±0.049 mm2 in the left-pawed animals (p<0.001) and 0.389±0.061 / 0.354±0.054 mm2 both pawed animals (p<0.001). The vertebral artery was accepted to be dominant when there were different arterial lumen diameters from side to side. Arterial luminal diameter was dominant in 53% of the cases on the left and in 33% on the right. Left and right arterial lumen diameters were equal in 13% of cases. As a conclusion, it was found that, vertebral artery dominancy may have predictive roles in the determination of handedness.
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    Taste buds degeneration induced by lingual artery spasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits
    (2021) Öztürk, Cengiz; Aydın, Mehmet; Demirtaş, Rabia; Malkoç, İsmail
    The role of the vasospasm induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in tongue taste bud degeneration is well established; however, the role of lingual artery spasm induced by SAH in that has not been efficiently studied. It was aimed to investigate the relationship between the taste buds degeneration and lingual artery spasm after SAH. Seventeen rabbits were randomizied into three groups: untouched control group (n=5), physiologic serum saline injected group (SHAM; n=6), and subarachnoid hemorrhage group (study; n=6). Experimental SAH was performed by injection 0.75 ml auricular arterial homologous blood was injected into cisterna magna three times in two weeks. After three weeks, all the rabbits were sacrificed and their tongues were removed under general anesthesia following intracardiac formalin injections. Normal and degenerated taste buds numbers and lingual artery vasospasm indexes were examined stereologically. Results were analyzed statistically with the Kruskal Wallis and the Mann Whitney U tests. Significance was accepted as p<0.05. The mean vasospasm index (VSI) values of lingual arteries and the numbers of degenerated taste buds per mm3 were: 1.52±0.13 / 2±1 in control; 1.99±0.21 / 5±2 in SHAM; and 2.64±0.78 / 13±4 in the study group. There was a linear relationship between the numbers of degenerated taste buds and VSI values of lingual arteries in control/SHAM (p<0.05); SHAM/study (p<0.05) and control/study (p<0.01). For the first time in the literature, it was found that the taste buds of the tongue may be affected by subarachnoid hemorrhage induced lingual artery vasospasm.
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    The underestimated role of a somatosensory neural network on thyroid gland morphology: an experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage model study
    (2019) Öztürk, Cengiz; Koçak, Mehmet; Demirci, Tuba; Malkoç, İsmail; Aydın, Mehmet
    Objectives: Innervation of the thyroid gland has been attributed to the autonomic nervous system. Although peripheral sympathetic and parasympathetic innervations of the thyroid gland are well known, little is known about the somatosensory innervation of the thyroid gland. In this study, alterations on the somatosensory neural network of the thyroid gland following anexperimental subarachnoid hemorrhage were investigated in rabbits.Methods: Experiments were conducted on 23 rabbits under no medical intervention. Five rabbits were used as control group.Five rabbits were used as the sham group and serum physiologic (SF) was injected into their cisterna magna. The remaining 13animals were used as the subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) group; their own blood (1 ml) was re-injected into the cisterna magna.Thyroid hormone levels of animals were measured at the end of one month. Then, histological sections of the middle parts ofthe thyroid glands were stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) for investigation of SAH-related damage. The total follicle volume (TFV) per cubic millimeter of the thyroid gland was estimated by stereological methods. Comparison of degenerated neuronal density (DND) in the C4 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) was examined bilaterally using H&E and TUNEL stainings.Results: Following SAH, neuronal degeneration in the cervical DRG caused somatic innervation deficiency, follicular atrophy andthyroid hormone depletion in the thyroid gland. T3 and T4 hormone levels of the SAH group (T3: 61±8 ?g/dl; T4: 1.01±0.12?g/dl) were significantly (p<0.005) lower than those of control (T3; 103±6 ?g/dl, T4: 1.37±0.36 ?g/dl) and sham (T3; 94±10?g/dl; T4: 1.24±0.87 ?g/dl) groups. In control groups, mean TFV was 41% / mm3 and DND of C4 DRG was 6±2 / mm3. Thesevalues were significantly lower than those in sham (TFV: 35%/mm3 and DND: 22±7/mm3) and experimental SAH (TFV: 23%/mm3and DND: 253±49/mm3) groups (p<0.0005 and p<0.0001, respectively).Conclusion: Thyroid follicle growth and its secretory activity are under the control of a quite complex, multi-originated, yetincompletely understood innervation pattern. We propose the presence of an underestimated role of a somatosensory neuralnetwork - an interganglionary link between the superior cervical, thyroid, laryngeal, nodose, trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia- on thyroid gland morphology.