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    A Comparative Study on Screw Withdrawal Strength of Solid Wood Material and Laminated Veneer Lumber
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2013) Bal, Bekir Cihad; Özdemir, Ferhat; Altuntaş, Ertuğrul
    In this study, screw withdrawal strength of solid wood material and laminated veneer lumber were determined according to TS EN 13446. Experiments were made on tangential surface and radial surface of solid wood material. Experiments were made on flatwise and edgewise directions of laminated veneer lumber. LVLs were produced from poplar and beech rotary peeled veneers using phenol formaldehyde adhesive. A half of the test samples were tested in air dried condition, and other half were tested after saturated with water. According to obtained findings, it was determined that screw withdrawal strength of the tangential surface of the solid wood materials was higher than that of radial surface. The highest screw withdrawal strength was measured on tangential surface of the beech solid wood material. The strength of laminated veneer lumber produced from poplar was higher than that of solid poplar. However, the strength of laminated veneer lumber produced from beech was lower than that of solid beech wood. In addition, the strength of all samples which were saturated with water was determined lower than that of air dried samples.
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    A Comparative Study on the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Solid and Laminated Wood Materials
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2012) Bal, Bekir Cihad; Bektaş, İbrahim; Özdemir, Ferhat
    In this study, the coefficients of thermal expansion of solid wood and laminated wood materials preparedfrom beech (Fagus orientalis L.), poplar (Populus x euramericana I-214) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandisW. Hill ex Maiden) species were determined. The experiments were made on the sapwood and heartwood ofsolid wood material, separately. Laminated wood materials were produced from 3 mm thickness rotary peeledveneer using UF (urea-formaldehyde) and PF (phenol-formaldehyde) adhesive. The tests were performedbetween -10 and +40 ºC temperature interval. In tangential direction, the lowest coefficient of thermal expansionwas measured on the poplar heartwood (1.88x10–5 ºC–1) and the highest coefficient of thermal expansion wasmeasured on the laminated wood made from eucalyptus used PF (4.66x10–5 ºC–1). The results showed thatlaminated materials produced from poplar wood has higher coefficient of thermal expansion than solid poplarwood. The differences between solid and laminated wood from the beech and eucalyptus weren’t statisticallysignificant.
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    Investigation of Effects of Fire Retardant Chemical Substances on Mold Resistance in Laminate Parquet
    (Düzce Üniversitesi, 2013) Özdemir, Ferhat; Tutuş, Ahmet; Şen, Selim
    The aim of this study is to determine the effects of certain fire retardant chemicals on mold resistance of laminate flooring. As a source of fiber for high density fiberboard (HDF) panels were used a mixture of %50 yellow pine and beech fibers. HDF panels were produced in 6,5 mm thickness by adding fire retardant chemical materials into fiber. In proportion to complete dry fiber essence fire retardant chemicals borax (BX), boric acid (BA), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and alpha-x (AX) in pulverized form were added in the ratios of 3%, 6%, and 9%. Afterwards, surfaces of produced HDF boards were coated with overlay, decor and balance sheets and then laminated floorings boards were produced.Mold resistance of produced laminate flooring was explored. In the test, Aspergillus niger and Aureobasidium pullulans mold were used. To detect mold resistance, the test was made according to ASTM D4445–10. It was determined that 3%, 6%, and 9% additions of fire retardant (FR) chemicals enhanced mold resistance of laminat flooring. As a result, it was ascertained that type of chemical